Ch. 14

Question 0

A pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress, and impairs the ability to function in one or more important areas of life, or both

Answer 0

Psychological disorder or mental disorder

Question 1

The scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders

Answer 1

Psychopathology

Question 2

Abbreviation for the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fifth edition, the book published by the American psychiatric Association that describes the specific symptoms and diagnostic guidelines for different psychological disorders

Answer 2

DSM-5

Question 3

An unpleasant emotional state characterized by physical arousal and feelings attention, apprehension, and worry

Answer 3

Anxiety

Question 4

I category of psychological disorders in which extreme anxiety is the main diagnostic feature and causes significant disruptions in a person’s cognitive, behavioral, or interpersonal functioning

Answer 4

Anxiety disorders

Question 5

An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, global, and persistent symptoms of anxiety; also called free floating in anxiety

Answer 5

Generalized anxiety disorder or GAD

Question 6

A sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalates in intensity

Answer 6

Panic attack

Question 7

An anxiety disorder in which the person experiences frequent and unexpected panic attacks

Answer 7

Panic disorder

Question 8

Anxiety disorder involving extreme fear of experiencing a panic attack or other embarrassing or incapacitating symptoms and a public situation where escape is impossible and help is unavailable

Answer 8

Agoraphobia

Question 9

A persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity

Answer 9

Phobia

Question 10

Excessive, intense, and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that is actively avoided or endured with marked anxiety

Answer 10

Specific phobia

Question 11

An anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed, judged, or scrutinized by others in social situations

Answer 11

Social anxiety disorder

Question 12

A disorder triggered by exposure to a highly traumatic event which we’ve sold in recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive memories of the event; avoidance of stimuli and situations associated with the event; negative changes in thoughts, moods, emotions; and a persistent state of heightened physical arousal

Answer 12

Posttraumatic stress disorder or PTSD

Question 13

Disorder characterized by the presence of intrusive, repented of, and unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts and individual feels driven to perform (compulsions)

Answer 13

Obsessive compulsive disorder or OCD

Question 14

Repeated, intrusive, and uncontrollable irrational thoughts or mental images that cause extreme anxiety and distress

Answer 14

Obsessions

Question 15

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform in order to prevent or reduce anxiety and distress, or to prevent a dreaded event or situation

Answer 15

Compulsions

Question 16

A disorder characterized by extreme and persistent feelings of despond and see, worthlessness, and hopelessness, causing impaired emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning

Answer 16

Major depressive disorder

Question 17

A disorder in which episodes of depression typically occur during the fall and winter and subside during the spring and summer

Answer 17

Seasonal affective disorder or SAD

Question 18

A disorder involving chronic, low-grade feelings of depression that produce subjective discomfort but do not seriously impair the ability to function

Answer 18

Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

Question 19

A disorder involving periods of incapacitating depression alternating with periods of extreme euphoria and excitement; formally called manic depression

Answer 19

Bipolar disorder

Question 20

A sudden, rapidly escalating emotional state characterized by extreme euphoria, excitement, physical energy, and rapid thoughts and speech

Answer 20

Manic episode

Question 21

A disorder characterized by moderate but frequent mood swings that are not severe enough to qualify as bipolar disorder

Answer 21

Cyclothymic disorder

Question 22

A category of mental disorders characterized by several disturbances in eating behavior

Answer 22

Eating disorder

Question 23

In eating disorder characterized by excessive weight loss, irrational fear of gaining weight, and distorted body self perception

Answer 23

Anorexia nervosa

Question 24

And eating disorder characterized by binges of extreme over eating followed by self induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, or other inappropriate methods to purge the excess food and prevent weight gain

Answer 24

Bulimia nervosa

Question 25

Inflexible, maladaptive patterns of thoughts, emotions, behavior, and interpersonal functioning that are stable over time and across situations, and that deviate from the expectations of the individuals culture

Answer 25

Personality disorder

Question 26

A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of the motives of others without sufficient basis

Answer 26

Paranoid personality disorder

Question 27

A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive pattern of disregarding and violating the rights of others; such individuals are often referred to as psychopaths or sociopaths

Answer 27

Antisocial personality disorder

Question 28

A personality disorder characterized by instability of interpersonal relationships, self image, emotions, and marked impulsivity

Answer 28

Borderline personality disorder

Question 29

A break or disruption in consciousness during which awareness, memory, and personal identity becomes separated or divided

Answer 29

Dissociative experience

Question 30

A category of psychological disorders in which extreme and frequent disruptions of awareness, memory, and personal identity impair the ability to function

Answer 30

Dissociative disorders

Question 31

Dissociative disorder involving the partial or total inability to recall important personal information

Answer 31

Dissociative amnesia

Question 32

A type of dissociative amnesia involving sudden and unexpected travel away from home, extensive amnesia, and identity confusion

Answer 32

Dissociative fugue

Question 33

Hey dissociative disorder involving extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities, or personalities; formally called multiple personality disorder

Answer 33

Dissociative identity disorder or DID

Question 34

A psychological disorder in which the ability to function is impaired by several distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes

Answer 34

Schizophrenia

Question 35

In schizophrenia, symptoms that reflect excesses or distortions of normal functioning, including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thoughts and behavior

Answer 35

Positive symptoms

Question 36

And schizophrenia, symptoms that your flight defects or deficits and normal functioning, include flat affect, alogia and avolition

Answer 36

Negative symptoms

Question 37

A falsely held believe that persists despite compelling contradictory evidence

Answer 37

Delusion

Question 38

A false or distorted perception that seems vividly real to the person experiencing it

Answer 38

Hallucination

Question 39

The view that schizophrenia is related to, and maybe caused by, excessive activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain

Answer 39

Dopamine hypothesis