Ch. 11 Flashcards
A theory that attempts to describe and explain similarities and differences in people’s patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
Personality theory
An individual’s unique and relatively consistent patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving
Personality
Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality which emphasizes unconscious determinants of behavior, sexual and aggressive instinctual drives, and the enduring effects of early childhood experiences on later personality development
Psychoanalysis
A psychoanalytic technique in which the patient spontaneously report all thoughts, feelings, and mental images as they come to mind
Free association
Freud’s theory, a term used to describe thoughts, feelings, wishes, and drives that are operating below the level of conscious awareness
Unconscious
Latin for the it, and Freud’s theory, the completely unconscious, irrational component of personality that seeks immediate satisfaction of instinctual urges and drives; ruled by the pleasure principle
id
The self preservation of life instinct, reflected in the expression of basic biological urges that perpetuate the existence of the individual and the species
Eros
The psychological any motional energy associated with expressions of sexuality; the sex drive
Libido
The death instinct, reflected in aggressive, destructive, and self-destructive actions
Thanatos
The motive to attain pleasure and avoid tension or discomfort; the most fundamental human motive in the guiding principle of the id
Pleasure principle
Latin for I; in Freud’s theory, the partly conscious rational and component of personality that regulates thoughts and behavior, and is most in touch with the demands of the external world
Ego
The capacity to accommodate external demands by postponing gratification until the appropriate time or circumstances exist
Reality principle
In Freud’s theory the partly conscious, self evaluative, moralistic component of personality that is formed through the internalization of parental and societal rules
Superego
Largely unconscious distortions of thoughts or perceptions that act to reduce anxiety
Ego defense mechanisms
The unconscious exclusion of anxiety provoking thoughts, feelings and memories from conscious awareness; the most fundamental ego defense mechanism
Repression
The ego defense mechanism that involves unconsciously shifting the target of an emotional urge to a substitute target that is less threatening or dangerous
Displacement
An ego defense mechanism that involves redirecting sexual urges towards productive, socially excepted bowl, non-sexual activities; a form of displacement
Sublimation
Invoice theory, age-related developmental periods in which the child sexual urges are focused on different areas of the body and are expressed through the activities associated with those areas
Psychosexual stages
In Freud’s theory a child’s unconscious sexual desire for the opposite sex parent, usually accompanied by hostile feelings towards the same-sex parent
Oedipus complex
In psychoanalytic theory, and ego defense mechanism that involves reducing anxiety by imitating the behavior and characteristics of another person
Identification
In Jungs theory, the hypothesized part of the unconscious mind that is inherited from previous generations in that contains universally shared ancestral experiences and ideas
Collective unconscious
In Jungs theory the inherited mental images of universal human instincts, themes,’s and preoccupations are the main components of the collective unconscious
Archetypes
The theoretical viewpoint on personality that generally emphasizes the inherent goodness of people, human potential, self actualization, the self-concept, and healthy personality development
Humanistic psychology
In Rogers theory, the innate drive to maintain and enhance the human organism
Actualizing tendency
