Ch. 13 Migration Flashcards

1
Q

pushes and pulls

A

the forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination county

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2
Q

bridges and barriers

A

the factors that enable or inhibit migration

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3
Q

chain migration

A

the movement of people facilitated by the support of networks of family and friends who have already immigrated

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4
Q

hometown association

A

an organization for mutual support by immigrants from the same home town or region

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5
Q

remittance

A

resources transferred from migrants working abroad to individuals, families, and institutions in their country of origin

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6
Q

cumulative causation

A

an accumulation of factors that create a culture in which migration comes to be expected

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7
Q

labor immigrants

A

a person who moves in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill

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8
Q

guest worker program

A

a policy that allows labor immigrants to enter a country temporarily to work

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9
Q

professional immigrant

A

a highly trained individual who moves to fill an economic niche in a middle-class profession often marketed by shortages in the receiving country

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10
Q

brain drain

A

migration of highly skilled professionals from developing/periphery countries to developed/core countries

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11
Q

social capital

A

assets and skills such as language, education and social networks that can be mobilized in lieu of or as complementary to financial capital

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12
Q

entrepreneurial immigrant

A

a person who moves to a new location to conduct trade and establish a business

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13
Q

refugee

A

a person who has been forced to move beyond his or her national borders because of persecution, armed conflict, or natural disasters

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14
Q

internally displaced person

A

a person who has been forced to move within his or her country of origin because of persecution , armed conflict, or natural disasters

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15
Q

first-generation immigrant

A

a person who left his or her home country as an adult

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16
Q

second-generation immigrant

A

the child of immigrants who is born and raised in the new host country

17
Q

1.5- generation immigrant

A

the child of immigrants who is born in the family’s home country but at a young age moves with his or her parents to a new host country

18
Q

internal migration

A

the movement of people within their own national borders

19
Q

transnationalism

A

the practice of maintain active participation in social, economic, religious and political spheres across national borders