Ch. 13 Migration Flashcards
pushes and pulls
the forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination county
bridges and barriers
the factors that enable or inhibit migration
chain migration
the movement of people facilitated by the support of networks of family and friends who have already immigrated
hometown association
an organization for mutual support by immigrants from the same home town or region
remittance
resources transferred from migrants working abroad to individuals, families, and institutions in their country of origin
cumulative causation
an accumulation of factors that create a culture in which migration comes to be expected
labor immigrants
a person who moves in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill
guest worker program
a policy that allows labor immigrants to enter a country temporarily to work
professional immigrant
a highly trained individual who moves to fill an economic niche in a middle-class profession often marketed by shortages in the receiving country
brain drain
migration of highly skilled professionals from developing/periphery countries to developed/core countries
social capital
assets and skills such as language, education and social networks that can be mobilized in lieu of or as complementary to financial capital
entrepreneurial immigrant
a person who moves to a new location to conduct trade and establish a business
refugee
a person who has been forced to move beyond his or her national borders because of persecution, armed conflict, or natural disasters
internally displaced person
a person who has been forced to move within his or her country of origin because of persecution , armed conflict, or natural disasters
first-generation immigrant
a person who left his or her home country as an adult
second-generation immigrant
the child of immigrants who is born and raised in the new host country
1.5- generation immigrant
the child of immigrants who is born in the family’s home country but at a young age moves with his or her parents to a new host country
internal migration
the movement of people within their own national borders
transnationalism
the practice of maintain active participation in social, economic, religious and political spheres across national borders
