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Science S2 > Ch 13 - Electrical System > Flashcards

Ch 13 - Electrical System Flashcards

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1
Q

The parts of an electrical system are called ____.

A

electrical components!

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2
Q

The main components of an electrical system:

A
  • cell (battery)
  • wires
  • electrical device (eg bulb)
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3
Q

Closed circuit provides …

A

…a continuous path for electric current to flow.

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4
Q

Open circuit occurs when…

A

…there is a gap in the circuit and electricity cannot flow from one end of the cell to the other.

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5
Q

Electrical appliances can work in a ____ circuit.

A

CLOSED

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6
Q

Electrical appliances cannot work in an ____ circuit.

A

OPEN

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7
Q

How many paths in a series circuit?

A

There is only ONE path through which electricity can flow through.

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8
Q

How many paths in a parallel circuit?

A

There are SEVERAL paths through which electricity can flow through.

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9
Q

Define electric current.

A

a measure of the rate of flow of electric charge through a conductor.

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10
Q

SI unit of Electric Current?

A

ampere (A)

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11
Q

Conventional Current
vs.
Electron Flow

A

positive to negative
&
negative to positive

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12
Q

How to measure electric current?

A

Ammeter

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13
Q

How to connect an ammeter?

A

In series arrangement!

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14
Q

Define potential difference.

A

the amount of energy needed to move one unit of electric charge from one point to another

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15
Q

Potential difference is also v____.

A

voltage!!!

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16
Q

SI unit of potential difference/voltage?

A

volt (V)

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17
Q

How to measure potential difference?

A

voltmeter

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18
Q

How to connect voltmeter?

A

In parallel arrangement :)

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19
Q

Define resistance.

A

A measure of the degree to which an electrical component opposes the flow of electric current.

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20
Q

SI unit of resistance.

A

ohm (Ω)

21
Q

How to find resistance (using voltage and current)?

A

R = V/I

22
Q

Types of resistors.

A
  • fixed resistors
  • variable resistors (rheostats)
23
Q

Uses/examples of rheostats.

A
  • light dimmer
  • volume control on music player
  • speed control of a model train
24
Q

Formula of resistance in a series circuit. (use R)

A

RT = R1+R2

25
Q

In series circuit, the effective resistance is always _____ than the largest of the individual resistances.

A

GREATERRR 👀

26
Q

Formula of resistance in a parallel circuit. (use R)

A

1/RT = 1/R1 + 1/R2

27
Q

In parallel circuit, the effective resistance is always _____ than the smallest of the individual resistances.

A

SMALLER 🤏

28
Q

The 3 effects of an electric current??

A
  • chemical effect 🧪
  • magnetic effect 🧲
  • heating effect 🔥
29
Q

Use of chemical effect of electric current?

A

electrolysis and electroplating

30
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

When electricity is used to break down compounds into its elements.

31
Q

Examples of electrolysis.

A

aluminium from bauxite

32
Q

What is electroplating?

A

coating objects in metal 😂

33
Q

Metals that are used for electroplating?

A

copper, chromium, silver, gold, nickel

34
Q

To increase the strength of magnetic effect:

A
  • Increase the number of turns of the wire (solenoids)
  • Increasing the current
35
Q

Examples of magnetic effect used in real life.

A
  • magnetic cranes
  • electric bells
  • electric motors (vacuum cleaners and fans)
36
Q

In heating appliances, the heating element is made of materials with _____ resistance.

A

HIGHHH HEE HEE

37
Q

Examples of materials with high resistance.

A

nichrome (alloy of nickel), iron, chromium

38
Q

1 kW = ______ W ?

A

1 kW = 1,000 W

39
Q

Define power.

A

The amount of electrical energy converted to other forms of energy per second by the component.

40
Q

SI unit of power?

A

watt (W)

41
Q

Unit used to measure amount of electricity used in homes.

A

kilowatt-hour (kWh)

42
Q

Formula for energyy

A

energy = power x time

43
Q

Formula for power

A

power = energy / time

44
Q

2 electric hazards

A

electrical fire & electric shock

45
Q

What can cause electrical fire?

A
  • short circuit
  • overloading
46
Q

What can cause electric shock?

A
  • damaged insulation
  • wet conditions
47
Q

2 safety feature found in household electric circuits

A

fuse & circuit breaker

48
Q

fuse VS. circuit breaker

A

must be replaced after used
VS.
needs to be reset after use

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