Ch: 13 Diffusion And Osmosis Flashcards
Cell membrane
Boundary of the cell that controls what enters and exits the cell
Selectively permeable
Allows some substances/ molecules to pass through but not all
Diffusion
Movement of molecules from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
Solvent
Liquid that dissolves other substances
Solute
A substance that has been dissolved
Osmosis
Movement of water molecules from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration through a semi-permeable membrane
Turgor pressure
The pressure of the content of a cell against its cell wall
Plasmolysis
The loss of a water from the cytoplasm and the movement of the cell membrane away from the cell wall
Passive transport?
No energy required
Difference between hypertonic and hypotonic
Hypotonic = more concentrated
Hypertonic = less concentrated
Active transport
Process where chemicals are taken into a cell against the diffusion/ concentration gradient
How sugar or salt is used to preserve food?
When food is placed in a sugary or salty solution, the bacteria and fungi present in the food will lose the water from their cells and die
Animal cells in a hypertonic solution
The cell would fill with water, burst and die
Animal cells in a hypotonic solution
The cell will lose water,shrivel and die
Plant cells in a hypertonic solution
Water moves into the cell through osmosis and the cell does not burst because it is surrounded by the cell wall.
Plant cells in a hypotonic solution
Water moves out of the cell due to osmosis and the cell becomes plasmolised. This is when the vacuole and cytoplasm shrivel and the cell membrane moves away from the cell
