Ch. 13 Flashcards
Where are the activities in particular nodes for the multiple nuclei model?
Port, a neighborhood business center, a university, an airport, and a park.
What does the Concentric Zone Model deal with?
Urban growth in rings, city grows outward from a CBD, looks like a bullseye. ZONES: CBD, factory zone, working class, middle class, suburbs.
What does the Sector Model deal with?
Cities growing in wedges/sectors along transport routes, with certain areas (like industry or wealthy housing) growing in specific directions.
What does the Multiple Nuclei Model deal with?
Cities with multiple CBDs and specialized zones (business centers, industrial zone, airport hub), common in large modern cities.
Which cities have underground CBDs?
Minneapolis, Toronto, and Montreal.
What are the three kinds of consumer services in the CBD?
Retailers with high thresholds, retailers with high range, retailers that serve people working in the CBD.
Why are cities less likely to annex peripheral land?
Residents prefer to organize their own services rather than pay city taxes for them.
What is a megalopolis?
A continuous urban complex formed when multiple metropolitan areas grow and merge together. Key features include urban sprawl, shared economy, infrastructure, and commuting zones.
What does the peripheral model consist of?
An urban area with an inner city surrounded by large suburban residential and service nodes tied together by a beltway or ring road.
What is the percentage of homeless people and children in the U.S.?
Several million people are homeless, with ¼ of homeless people being children.
What happened to the supply of public housing between 1980 and 2010?
Supply dropped by 1 million, while the number of people needing low rent housing increased by 2 million.
What were the reasons for the rise of suburban development?
Desire for more space, highways improved commuting, GI Bill provided loans for WWII veterans.
What is new urbanism designed to create?
Walkable cities with mixed-use development, reducing car dependency.
Why are some communities gated?
For the safety of wealthy residents.
What term describes the spread of cities using freeways?
Urban sprawl.
What are McMansions?
Super-sized and similar looking houses found in suburban areas.
What type of people would live in gentrified/new urbanism areas?
Double income males with no children.
What areas have been created due to blockbusting?
Ethnic neighborhoods or ghettos.
What are shantytowns?
Slums found in the outer city.
What is the focal point of the SE Asian city?
colonial Port zone, with no CBD.
What is unique about the African city model?
It has 3 CBDs: Traditional, colonial, and market area.
What would you find in the periphery and spine of the Latin American city?
Rich residential areas.
How are Brasilia, Canberra, and Washington D.C. similar?
All are planned cities with organized layouts and symbolic architecture, and all are capital cities.
Where would you find an edge city?
Usually near interstate highways, away from CBDs, retail and office based.
What is losing its dominant position in the multiple nuclei model?
CBD.
Central Business District
What has happened in the zone of transition in the concentric zone model?
The zone of transition has become smaller.
What are the characteristics of a primate city?
More than 2x bigger than the second largest city.
What is a hinterland?
The area surrounding a city that supplies it with goods, services, and labor.
What is the rank-size rule?
Indicates that the population of a city is inversely proportional to its rank in the hierarchy.
What do site and situation refer to?
Site refers to absolute location, while situation refers to relative location.
What is a world city?
A city that plays a key role in the global economy, with international influence. Examples include NYC, London, and Tokyo.
What does Christaller’s Central Place Theory describe?
The spatial patterns of urban and outlying areas based on the flow of goods and services.
Threshold is the minimum population needed to support a service
range is the distance people are willing to travel for goods.
What parts of the world have the smallest percent of people living in urban areas?
Semi-periphery regions.
What is an ethnic neighborhood?
A neighborhood where an ethnic group makes up the majority.
What was essential for the first cities to exist?
Food, water, fertile soil, labor specialization, and labor system.
What are the differences between the urban structures of non-American cities and European cities?
Non-American cities often have high population density in the center, mixed land use, informal settlements, and grow over time.
European cities have a historic core, wealthier residents closer to the center, and focus on walkability.
What is a Boomburg?
A rapidly growing suburban city with 100,000+ people that feels suburban.
What is an Exurb?
An area beyond the suburbs, often rural, where people commute to the city.
What is telecommuting?
When a person works from home or remotely instead of going to a physical office.
