Ch 13+14 A&P of Pregnancy and RN Care Flashcards
gravida
woman who is pregnant
gravidity
pregnancy
multigravida
woman who has had two or more pregnancies
nulligravida
woman who has never been pregnant
parity
number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses have reached viability (20 weeks)
nullipara
woman who has not completed pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached the stage of fetal viability
primipara
woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached 20 weeks of gestation
multipara
woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to 20 weeks
preterm
born before completion of 37weeks
late preterm
34 weeks - 36 weeks 6 days
early term
37 weeks - 38 weeks 6 days
full term
39 weeks - 40 weeks 6 days
late term
41 weeks 0 days - 6 days
post term
42 weeks and beyond
presumptive signs of pregnancy
changes felt by the woman
amenorrhea
fatigue
breast changes
quickening (first fetal movements at 18-19 wks, feels like gas bubbles or popcorn)
probable signs of pregnancy
changes observed by an examiner
Hegar sign (uterus softens)
Fundal height
Braxton hicks contractions (palpated)
Placental souffle (auscultate placental blood flow)
Ballottement (palpate against cervix, baby bounces)
Positive pregnancy test
positive signs of pregnancy
signs that attribute only to the presence of a fetus
Fetal heart tones distinct from mom
Visualizing fetus
Palpating fetal movements
Naegele’s rule
calculates EDB
assumes a 28 day cycle and that fertilization occurred on 14th day
first day of LMP - 3 months + 1 week = estimated due date
(nov 1 - 3 months (august 1st) + 1 week = august 8th
Uterus during pregnancy
uterus enlarges, begin to look pregnant around 14 weeks
fundus at 12 wks= above symphysis pubis
fundus at 20 wks= close to umbilicus
fundus at full term= right below xiphoid process
(fundal height should = +/- 2 cm gestational age)
Lightning- baby descends into pelvis at 38-40wks, fundal height drops, pelvic pain and urgency
Cervix during pregnancy
Godell’s sign- softening of cervix, begins at 6 weeks
Chadwick sign- cervix appears blueish due to increased vascularity
Friability- tissue at risk to bleed, avoid paps later in pregnancy
cervix will dilate (open up, measured in cm) and efface (thins out, measured 0-100%) near time for delivery
Vagina during pregnancy
Leukorrhea- increase in vaginal discharge, lots of WBC
Chadwick sign- sometimes vaginal walls become blue as well
Operculum- mucus plug
pH in pregnancy= 3-3.5, increases risk for yeast infections
vagina is more sensitive as a result of increased vascularity
Breasts during pregnancy
breasts enlarge
areola darken
colostrum produces in 2nd trimester (14-27wks) (do NOT pump or store)
Montgomery tubercles-
couvade syndrome
paternal, men experience nausea during 1st trimester
Melasma
mask of pregnancy
dark pigmentation on cheeks and forehead
