Ch 13+14 A&P of Pregnancy and RN Care

Question 1

gravida

Answer 1

woman who is pregnant

Question 2

gravidity

Answer 2

pregnancy

Question 3

multigravida

Answer 3

woman who has had two or more pregnancies

Question 4

nulligravida

Answer 4

woman who has never been pregnant

Question 5

parity

Answer 5

number of pregnancies in which the fetus or fetuses have reached viability (20 weeks)

Question 6

nullipara

Answer 6

woman who has not completed pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached the stage of fetal viability

Question 7

primipara

Answer 7

woman who has completed one pregnancy with a fetus or fetuses who have reached 20 weeks of gestation

Question 8

multipara

Answer 8

woman who has completed two or more pregnancies to 20 weeks

Question 9

preterm

Answer 9

born before completion of 37weeks

Question 10

late preterm

Answer 10

34 weeks - 36 weeks 6 days

Question 11

early term

Answer 11

37 weeks - 38 weeks 6 days

Question 12

full term

Answer 12

39 weeks - 40 weeks 6 days

Question 13

late term

Answer 13

41 weeks 0 days - 6 days

Question 14

post term

Answer 14

42 weeks and beyond

Question 15

presumptive signs of pregnancy

Answer 15

changes felt by the woman
amenorrhea
fatigue
breast changes
quickening (first fetal movements at 18-19 wks, feels like gas bubbles or popcorn)

Question 16

probable signs of pregnancy

Answer 16

changes observed by an examiner
Hegar sign (uterus softens)
Fundal height
Braxton hicks contractions (palpated)
Placental souffle (auscultate placental blood flow)
Ballottement (palpate against cervix, baby bounces)
Positive pregnancy test

Question 17

positive signs of pregnancy

Answer 17

signs that attribute only to the presence of a fetus
Fetal heart tones distinct from mom
Visualizing fetus
Palpating fetal movements

Question 18

Naegele’s rule

Answer 18

calculates EDB
assumes a 28 day cycle and that fertilization occurred on 14th day

first day of LMP - 3 months + 1 week = estimated due date
(nov 1 - 3 months (august 1st) + 1 week = august 8th

Question 19

Uterus during pregnancy

Answer 19

uterus enlarges, begin to look pregnant around 14 weeks
fundus at 12 wks= above symphysis pubis
fundus at 20 wks= close to umbilicus
fundus at full term= right below xiphoid process
(fundal height should = +/- 2 cm gestational age)
Lightning- baby descends into pelvis at 38-40wks, fundal height drops, pelvic pain and urgency

Question 20

Cervix during pregnancy

Answer 20

Godell’s sign- softening of cervix, begins at 6 weeks
Chadwick sign- cervix appears blueish due to increased vascularity
Friability- tissue at risk to bleed, avoid paps later in pregnancy
cervix will dilate (open up, measured in cm) and efface (thins out, measured 0-100%) near time for delivery

Question 21

Vagina during pregnancy

Answer 21

Leukorrhea- increase in vaginal discharge, lots of WBC
Chadwick sign- sometimes vaginal walls become blue as well
Operculum- mucus plug
pH in pregnancy= 3-3.5, increases risk for yeast infections
vagina is more sensitive as a result of increased vascularity

Question 22

Breasts during pregnancy

Answer 22

breasts enlarge
areola darken
colostrum produces in 2nd trimester (14-27wks) (do NOT pump or store)
Montgomery tubercles-

Question 23

couvade syndrome

Answer 23

paternal, men experience nausea during 1st trimester

Question 24

Melasma

Answer 24

mask of pregnancy
dark pigmentation on cheeks and forehead

Question 25

Linea nigra

Answer 25

darkened line going up and down on belly
more common in blacks

Question 26

Palmar erythema

Answer 26

red palms r/t increased blood volume

Question 27

PUPPP

Answer 27

rash over abdomen, extremely itchy
response to hormonal changes

Question 28

epulis

Answer 28

benign bumps on gums

Question 29

Striae gravidarum

Answer 29

stretch marks
(change that persists after birth)

Question 30

supine hypotension

Answer 30

occurs because uterus is pushing up against the heart
when flat, more pressure on vena cava= hypotension and sensation of passing out, nauseous and diaphoretic.
Want pts at minimum 30 degrees.

Question 31

slight hypertrophy

Answer 31

blood volume multiples by at least 35-40%, almost doubles during pregnancy
may lead to HA, nose bleeds, and bleeding gums

Question 32

recommended overall weight gain

Answer 32

25 to 35 total pounds
underweight pts= 28-40lbs
overweight pts= 15-25lbs

Question 33

recommended weight gain during first trimester

Answer 33

1 - 4.4 lb total

Question 34

recommended weight gain during 2nd and 3rd trimesters

Answer 34

1 lb per week

Question 35

prenatal period

Answer 35

a time of physical and psychological preparation for birth and parenthood

Question 36

pyrosis

Answer 36

heartburn, stomach acid pushed up
(sit up 30 min after meals, smaller meals)

Question 37

Ptyalism

Answer 37

excessive salivation

Question 38

Hyperemesis gravidarum

Answer 38

electrolyte imbalance bc of excessive vomiting
weight loss
low K