Ch 12: Substance Use and Addictive Disorders Flashcards
What are the effects of depressant on the body?
Slow CNS activity
Reduce tension
Interferes w/ judgment,motor activity
What are the 3 widely used groups of depressants?
Alcohol, opioids and sedative hypnotic drugs
A binge drinking episode is more than ________ drink at a single time
5
Ethyl alcohol binds to _______.
GABA
What enzyme in alcohol affects concentration?
alcohol dehydrogenase
What are the medical illnesses associated with alcoholism?
cirrhosis of the liver
Korsakoff’s
Fetal alcohol syndrome
What are the DSM5 categories of Alcoholism?
Alcohol use disorder Alcohol intoxication Alcohol withdrawal Unspecified alcohol related disorder Alcohol induced disorders
What are the effects of anxiolytics?
produces relaxation and drowsiness
What type of drug was a precursor to benzodiazepines?
Barbituates (Worked like alcohol)
Both benzodiazepines and barbiturates work on ________.
GABA
What are some kinds of synthetic opioids?
methadone, codeine, hydrocodone, oxycontin
What are the effects of stimulus?
Increased activity of CNS
Raises BP
Increases HR and awareness
What neurotransmitters does cocaine effect?
dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin
Amphetamines releases what Neurotransmitters?
dopamine, serotonin, norepinephrine.
What are the dangers of stimulant use disorder?
short term memory loss
attention issues
dysfunction in daily life
Synesthesia crosses your ________
senses
What is MDMA?
produces hallucinations, increases serotonin and dopamine
What is the most prevalent cannabis and its effects?
marijuana
can produce depressant, stimulant and halucinogenic effects
Pot can cause ______ ______ that can last 3 to 6 hours.
panic attacks
What are some side effects of pot?
Blood flow change, low sensorimotor function
Building a tolerance for similar drugs, even if you’ve never taken them is known as what?
cross tolerance
What is the synergistic effects?
combined impact of multiple drugs are greater than sum of each alone
Combining drugs that work differently can cause serious outcomes?
antagonistic action
What is the sociocultural view of the cause of substance use disorder?
Stressful socioeconomic condition
Families that encourage abuse
What is the psychodynamic view of the cause of substance use disorder?
Dependency traced to childhood
Personality of drug addict is impulsive and anti-social
What is the cognitive behavioral view of the cause of substance use disorder?
operant conditioning: drugs are rewarding
Classical: cues impact drug use
What is the biological view of the cause of substance use disorder?
Genetic predisposition: adoption, twin studies
High drug use equals low ___________ activity
neurotransmitter
Hypersensitivity occurs if stimulated frequently by drugs; neurotransmitter fires more readily when drugs stimulate area; increases desire.
Reward center of brain
pleasure not achieved by typical events, leads to drug use
Reward deficiency center
What are some concerns with drug use treatment?
different treatments
high drop out rates
No standardized criteria
Psychodynamic treatment for drug abuse is what?
Identify underlying needs and conflicts
What are the tenets of behavioral therapy in drug abuse disorder?
aversion therapy
contingency management
What are the tenets of cognitive behavior therapy?
Identify and change behaviors and cognitions
relapse prevention therapy
