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Anatomy & Physiology > Ch. 12 JOINTS General > Flashcards

Ch. 12 JOINTS General Flashcards

1
Q

What is the term for 2+ bones joining together and articulating together?

A

Joints

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2
Q

What are the special joints where growth of cartilage causes bones to grow?

A

Epiphyseal plates

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3
Q

What is the joint between the two parietal bones of the skull?

A

Sagittal suture

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4
Q

What is the joint between the occipital bone and parietal bones?

A

Lambdoidal suture

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5
Q

What are the 3 classifications of joints by structure?

A

Fibrous joints
Cartilaginous joints
Synovial joints

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6
Q

What does a synostosis do?

A

Fuses 2 bones to make one bone

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7
Q

What is the term for how much movement the articulating bones at the joint can experience?

A

Joint mobility

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8
Q

What are the 3 classifications of joints by their movement?

A

Synarthrosis
Amphiarthrosis
Diarthrosis

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9
Q

What are immovable joints?

A

Synarthrotic joints

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10
Q

What are slightly moveable joints?

A

Amphiarthroticjoints

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11
Q

What are freely moveable joints?

A

Diarthrotic joints

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12
Q

What are the simplest joints in terms of mobility and structural design?

A

Fibrous joints

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13
Q

What is a fibrous joint only found in the skull?

A

Sutures

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14
Q

What are fibrous joints found only between a teeth and alveolar sockets of the maxilla/mandible?

A

A gomphoses

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15
Q

What are fibrous joints in which collagen fibers hold two parallel bones together?

A

Syndesmoses

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16
Q

What kind of joints are slightly more complex than fibrous joints and are filled with either HYALINE cartilage or FIBROCARTILAGE?

A

Cartilaginous joints

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17
Q

What are the two types of cartilaginous joints?

A

Synchondroses
Symphyses

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18
Q

Which type of cartilaginous joints are sometimes referred to as temporary joints?

A

Synchondroses

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19
Q

Which type of cartilaginous joints protect articulating bones against compression forces?

A

Symphyses

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20
Q

Which type of cartilaginous joints contain hyaline cartilage?

A

Synchondroses

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21
Q

Which type of cartilaginous joints contain fibrocartilage?

A

Symphyses

22
Q

What are the most complex joints?

A

Synovial joints

23
Q

What are the 4 characteristics of synovial joints?

A

Articular cartilage
Joint cavity
Articular capsule
Synovial fluid

24
Q

What are bands of dense regular connective tissue that hold articulating bones together at a joint?

A

Ligaments

25
Q

What are narrow bands of dense regular connective tissue that attach muscles to bones?

A

Tendons

26
Q

What are the fibrocartilaginous lips at the shoulders/hips called?

A

the Labra

27
Q

What are the two most freely moveable joints?

A

Shoulders
Hips

28
Q

What are the crescent-shaped discs of fibrocartilage that allow opposing articulating bones to fit together more evenly in synovial joints?

A

Menisci/Articular discs

29
Q

What are globules of adipocytes that help distribute compression forces across synovial joints?

A

Articular fat pads

30
Q

What are flattened, fluid-filled pouches between bones and overlying skin/ligament/tendon/muscle at certain joints?

A

Bursae

31
Q

What are bursa-like structures that reduce friction between tendons and bones?

A

Tendon sheaths

32
Q

What is the term for a joint’s ability to function normally without having its articulating bones pull too far apart?

A

Joint Stability/Strength

33
Q

What is the term for a joint’s maximum distance that the opposing articular surfaces can move?

A

Range of motion

34
Q

What 3 factors affect a joint’s stability and range of motion?

A
  1. Shape of articular surfaces
  2. Tension of ligaments
  3. Tension in tendons
35
Q

What is the tendon that extends inferiorly from the patella and inserts into the tibial tuberosity?

A

Patellar ligament

36
Q

What are the two extracapsular ligaments that stabilize the lateral aspects of the knee joint?

A

Tibial colateral ligament
Fibular colateral ligament

37
Q

Which ligament connects the medial condyle of the femur to the medial condyle of the tibia?

A

Tibial colateral ligament

38
Q

Which ligament connects the lateral condyle of the femur to the head of the fibula?

A

Fibular colateral ligament

39
Q

Which ligament prevents lateral displacement of the tibia?

A

Fibular colateral ligament

40
Q

Which ligament prevents medial displacement of the tibia?

A

Tibia colateral ligament

41
Q

What is the articulation between the femur and patella?

A

Femoropatellar joint

42
Q

What is the largest/most elaborate fluid-filled joint capsule in the body?

A

Suprapatellar bursa

43
Q

Which bursa reduces friction between the femur and quadriceps muscle tendon?

A

Suprapatellar bursa

44
Q

Which bursa lies between the patella and the skin?

A

Prepatellar bursa

45
Q

Which bursa lies at the anterior surface of the knee joint, immediately inferior to the patella?

A

Infrapatellar fat pad

46
Q

Which two intracapsular ligaments prevent excessive anterior/posterior movement of the tibia?

A

ACL
PCL

47
Q

What is the weight-bearing part of the knee?

A

Tibiofermoral joint

48
Q

What nearly circular structure rests on the lateral condyle of the tibia?

A

Lateral meniscus

49
Q

What C-shaped structure rests on the medial condyle of the knee?

A

Medial meniscus

50
Q

What joint has the largest/most elaborate fluid-filled capsule?

A

The knee joint

51
Q

What is the most complex joint in the body?

A

Knee joint

52
Q
A

Anatomy & Physiology (14 decks)

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