Ch. 12: children & adolescents Flashcards
eating habits
children’s eating habits have changed over the past 2 decades.
The Healthy Eating Index (HEI)
is an indicator of diet quality, provides an overall picture of the variety and quantity of foods people choose to eat, and their compliance with specific dietary recommendations.
HEI facts
- The diet quality of most children aged 2 to 9 is less than optimal.
- Children aged 6 to 11 have a lower-quality diet than younger children associated with a decline in their fruit, milk, and sodium HEI scores.
NHANES findings: vitamins
children of all ages, races, and ethnic groups were at risk of inadequate intakes of magnesium, zinc, and vitamins A and E.
NHANES findings: beverages
beverage choices for all ages changed from whole milk to lower-fat milk, soft drinks, and fruit and fruit-flavored drinks.
150 years
How long federal programs have existed that address nutritional needs of children and adolescents.
Food and Nutrition Service (1969) administers food assistance programs of the USDA
- The National School Lunch Program
- The School Breakfast Program
- The After School Snack Program
- The Summer Food Service Program for Children
- The Food Distribution Program
The National School Lunch Program
- makes lunch available to all
- School lunches must provide no more than 30 percent of an individual’s calories from fat, and 10 percent or less from saturated fat.
- lunches should provide one-third of the DRI for calories, protein, calcium, iron, and vitamins A and C for the applicable age or grade groups.
The School Breakfast Program
- helps states provide a nutritious hot or cold breakfast for children.
- Breakfast must provide one-fourth of the daily recommended levels of protein, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, and calories.
- free or reduced price
The After School Snack Program
expansion of the National school lunch program provides reimbursement for snacks served to children, through the age of 18, in after-school educational and enrichment programs.
The Summer Food Service Program for Children
entitlement program that provides funds for: ex. residential camps, youth sports camps, and units of local, county, tribal, or state government for the purpose of serving nutritious meals to needy children when school is not in session.
The Food Distribution Program
provides commodities to public and private nonprofit schools that serve meals to students. School districts are given an entitlement dollar value based on the number of lunches served during the previous year.
School Meals Initiative for Healthy Children (SMI)
providing school food service operators the flexibility to choose one of four USDA menu planning systems to better meet the Dietary Guidelines for Americans since research showed that lunch programs were contributing too much fat and too little other benefits.
The Healthy, Hunger-free Kids Act of 2010
allows the USDA to further reform the nutrition standards of the NSLP and SBP.
Factors that discourage participation in NSLP & SBP
schools that encourage purchasing from competitive foods (vending machines)
