Ch. 11: mother's & infants Flashcards
Disparities in IMR
persist between ethnic groups and between poor and non-poor infants.
Failure to improve IMR
attributed to # of infants born with low birthweights, not lack of access to healthcare.
primary indicators of infant’s future health status
birthweight
length of gestation
reducing incidence of low birthweight
address poverty, poor nutrition, and low level of educational achievement
maternal mortality
black wmen have more than a 3x greater risk of dying than white women.
IMR: black/white infants
black: 13.3
white: 5.6
failure to thrive
infant whose weight-for-length falls below the 5th percentile
WIC program assumptions
- inadequate nutritional intakes/health behaviors of women, infants, an children make them vulnerable to adverse health outcomes.
- nutritional interventions can prevent health probs & improve health status of participants
WIC foods
iron fortified infant formula/ infant cereal, iron fortified breakfast cereal, vitamin C rich fruit or vegetable juice, eggs, dry beans, cheese, peanut butter, milk, canned fish, fruits and vegetables.
2009 WIC foods
whole grain tortillas, brown rice, soy beverages, tofu, wider choice of fruits and vegetables, canned fish, and baby foods.
What distinguishes WIC from other federal food assistance programs?
combination of:
- supplementary foods
- nutrition education
- preventative health care
WIC benefits
-improved dietary quality
-more efficient food purchasing
-better use of health services
improved maternal, fetal, and child health/development.
WIC Works
- not an entitlement program
- reaches 80% of those eligible
- barriers to participation: lack of gov’t funding, absence of child care, no time/money to travel to clinic, etc.
How are WIC vacancies filled?
in order of proproty to ensure program resources are allocated to those at greatest nutritional risk.
Title V
Maternal and Child health program (under DHHS)
-only federal program concerned exclusively w/ mothers, infants, and children
