Ch 12 - Biostatistics and Ethics Flashcards
What is ordinal scale?
Classifies data within various categories possessing a natural order but do not necessarily have quantifiable or equal intervals
When are results considered statistically significant?
If the p-value is smaller than the alpha level (α)
Describe a Cohort study.
Follow a defined exposure group over time and provide estimated risks and relative risks
Describe a Case-control study.
Follow 1 exposed population, compare it to an unexposed control population, and generate odds ratios
What is informed consent based on?
Principle of autonomy
What is autonomy?
One’s moral right to make knowledgeable decisions
What is Competence?
Compulsory for obtaining informed consent and participating in treatment
What is decisional capacity?
Patient’s capability to engage in making choices
What is Beneficence?
Prevent harm, remove from harm, as well as promote welfare while honoring the patient’s autonomy
What is nonmaleficence?
“Do no harm”
What is Justice?
Fair distribution of limited health care resources
