Ch 11- Pain Medicine: Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Acute pain

A

Pain, elicited by injury to tissues for a limited time; stops once the underlying pathology resolves

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2
Q

Chronic pain

A

Pain for an extended time period that originated from underlying pathology,
which does not completely explain the extent of the pain

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3
Q

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)

A

A chronic pain condition in a limb involving trophic changes, edema, vasomotor changes, and allodynia, typically after an injury or trauma.
Symptoms can vary in severity and duration.

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4
Q

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type I

A

Follows a non-neurological traumatic injury; formerly known as reflex sympatheticdystrophy (RSD) or Sudeck’s atrophy

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5
Q

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type II

A

Follows a known traumatic nerve injury; formerly known as causalgia

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6
Q

Central pain

A

Pain initiating from the central nervous system (CNS)

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7
Q

Radiculopathy

A

A pathologic process affecting the spinal nerve roots

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8
Q

Hyperesthesia

A

An increased sensitivity to a stimulus

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9
Q

Hypoesthesia

A

A decreased sensitivity to a stimulus

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10
Q

Hyperalgesia

A

Increased pain from a stimulus that normally illicits pain

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11
Q

Hypoalgesia

A

Diminished pain in response to a normally painful stimulus

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12
Q

Hyperpathia

A

An abnormally painful reaction to a stimulus, often seen with a repetitive stimulus or increased threshold

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13
Q

Dysesthesia

A

An unpleasant sensation that is either evoked or spontaneous in nature

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14
Q

Allodynia

A

Pain elicited from a non-painful stimulus

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15
Q

Neuralgia

A

Pain in a distribution of a nerve or nerves

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16
Q

Neuritis

A

Inflammation of a nerve or nerves

17
Q

Neurogenic pain

A

Pain initiated or caused by a primary lesion or dysfunction in the central or
peripheral nervous system (PNS)

18
Q

Neuropathic pain

A

Pain arising from a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system

19
Q

Nociceptive pain

A

Pain arising from actual or threatened nonneural tissue damage that conveys painful information via afferent nociceptive fibers to the CNS

20
Q

Somatic pain

A

A type of nociceptive pain that is carried along a sensory fiber

21
Q

Visceral pain

A

A type of nociceptive pain that is carried along a sympathetic fiber

22
Q

Paresthesia

A

An abnormal sensation whether spontaneous or evoked

23
Q

Cancer pain

A

Pain associated with cancer disease or cancer treatments that may be damaging the nervous system

24
Q

Transduction

A

Conversion of stimuli to nociceptive electrical impulses. Afferent sensory neurons known as nociceptors transmit pain signals to the CNS

25
Q

Nociceptor types

A

mechanical, thermal (heat/cold), and chemical

26
Q

Transmission

A

electrical activity conducted through the nervous system.
– Peripheral sensory cells and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) → spinal neurons → thalamus, brainstem, and diencephalic structures

27
Q

Modulation

A

Alteration of neural activity along transmission, which occurs in DRG, spinal cord, and supraspinal structures.

28
Q

Perception

A

Subjective sensation of pain from transmission and modulation, which occurs in
somatosensory cortices

29
Q

Describe A-β sensory fibers

A

Myelinated

Touch, pressure, vibration, proprioception

30
Q

Describe A-δ sensory fibers

A

Myelinated

Sharp pain, light touch, temp

31
Q

Describe C sensory fibers

A

Unmyelinated

Dull/achy/burning pain, temp