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AP Government > Ch. 12 > Flashcards

Ch. 12 Flashcards

1
Q

For every dollar an American citizen earns, the U.S. government takes how much and spends it?

A

28 cents

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2
Q

One way for citizens to keep a watch on what congress is doing is by reading——-, the official source of information on everything that has happened in congress

A

Congressional record

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3
Q

The people that a legislator spends considerable time and effort serving are called

A

Constituents

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4
Q

The founders of the American republic believed that most of the power that would be exercised by a national government should be in the hands of

A

The legislature

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5
Q

The logic of separate constituencies and separate interests underlying the bicameral congress was reinforced by

A

Differences in length of tenure

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6
Q

The principal and most obvious function of any legislature

A

Law-making

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7
Q

The concept of logrolling refers to

A

An arrangement by which 2 or more members of congress agree in advance to support each others bill

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8
Q

A representative who is performing the role of a trustee

A

Acting on conscience or representing the broad interests of the entire society

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9
Q

A representative who acts on conscience or to represent the broad interests of the entire society

A

Trustee

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10
Q

A representative who is performing the role of an instructed delegate is

A

Primarily representing the wishes of his or her constituents

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11
Q

A representative who primarily represents the wishes of his or her constituents is acting as an

A

Instructed delegate

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12
Q

One major problem with the role of the instructed delegate is that

A

The constituents may not actually have well informed views on many issues

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13
Q

Casework

A

Constituent service/personal work for constituents by members of congress

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14
Q

When gasoline prices increase to more than $3/gallon in 2006,

A

Members of congress acknowledged that their actions would have little effect on gasoline prices, but they wanted to show their constituents that they were doing something about the problem

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15
Q

Incumbents develop a hill style in order 2

A

Promote policies and their career aspirations

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16
Q

Oversight is the process by which congress

A

Follows up the laws it has enacted

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17
Q

When congress follows up on the laws it has enacted, it is exercising

A

Oversight

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18
Q

The House of Representatives is checked by all of the following except

A

The states

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19
Q

The enumerated powers of congress are powers

A

Expressly given to the body in the constitution

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20
Q

After the Supreme Court underwent extraordinary change in 2005, George bush nominated, and the senate confirmed, the nominations of ———-to become the newest members of the court

A

John Roberts and Samuel Alito

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21
Q

The necessary and proper clause

A

Has expanded the role of the national government relative to the states

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22
Q

One major difference between the house and the senate is the total number of members, a difference that has meant

A

A greater number of formal rules are needed to govern activity in the house

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23
Q

An attempt in the senate to prevent the passage of a bill through the use of unlimited debate is

A

Filibuster

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24
Q

Filibuster

A

An attempt in the senate to prevent the passage of a bill through the use of unlimited debate

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25
Q

Cloture

A

A prices that attempts to limit debate on a bill in the senate

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26
Q

When senate democrats made use of the filibuster to block so,d of president Bush’s nominees to the federal bench in 2005, senate republicans responded by threatening the “nuclear option” in which

A

The senate rules would be revised to disallow filibusters against judicial nominees

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27
Q

The largest occupational group among members of congress

A

Lawyers

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28
Q

Most majority party candidates for congress are placed on the general election ballot as a result of

A

Direct primary

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28
Q

Incumbents develop a Homestyle in order 2

A

Produce a favorable image with constituents

29
Q

In mid term congressional elections, those held between presidential contests

A

Voter turnout falls sharply

30
Q

The allocation of seats in the house to each state after each census

A

Reapportionment

31
Q

Reapportionment

A

The allocation of seats in the house to each state after each census

32
Q

Redistricting

A

The redrawing of district boundaries within each state to ensure equal district populations

33
Q

Gerrymandering

A

The drawing of legislative district boundaries for the purpose of gaining partisan advantage

34
Q

Members of congress are granted generous franking privileges that

A

Permit them to mail letters to their constituents w/o charge

35
Q

The average senate office on Capitol Hill employs about

A

30 people

36
Q

The “speech of debate” clause in article 1 section 6, of the constitution means that members of congress,

A

Are normally immune from libel or slander charges when conducting official duties

37
Q

The most important committees in congress are—–permanent bodies that possess an expertise resulting from their jurisdiction over certain policy areas

A

Standing committees.

38
Q

Most of the actual work of legislating is

A

Performed by the committees and subcommittees within congress

39
Q

In the house, the discharge position is used to

A

Force a bill out of committee so that the entire house can vote on it

40
Q

The seniority system provides that

A

The committee members of the majority party with the longest continuous service normally becomes the committee chairperson

41
Q

The foremost power holder in the house is

A

Speaker of the house

42
Q

The speaker of the house is

A

The lesser of the majority party

43
Q

The house majority leader

A

Fosters cohesion among party members

44
Q

An important function of the house majority leader is

A

To act as spokesperson for the majority party in the house

45
Q

The whips assist the party leaders by

A

Passing information to members of congress from the leadership of the party

46
Q

The president of the senate is

A

Vice-president

47
Q

Generally, leaders in the house

A

Have more control over the agenda of the body than leaders in the senate

48
Q

The real leadership power in the senate rests in the hands of the

A

Senate majority leader

49
Q

Democratic members of congress from moderate districts who sometimes vote with republicans and who are frequently pursued by republican leaders are known as

A

Blue dog republicans

50
Q

When a member trades his or her vote on a particular bill with another member in exchange for their votes on other legislation is known as

A

Logrolling

51
Q

Logrolling

A

When a member trades his or her vote on a particular bill with another member in exchange for their votes on other legislation is known as

52
Q

A members request for a special appropriation for projects back home that are attached to a bill to gain votes is

A

Earmark

53
Q

Earmark

A

A members request for a special appropriation for projects back home that are attached to a bill to gain votes is

54
Q

When a senator says, “one mans pork is another mans job,” referring to

A

Earmark

55
Q

Most people who study the decision making process in congress agree that the single best predictor for how a member will vote is his or her

A

Party affiliation

56
Q

Conservative coalition

A

Weakened because most southern conservatives congresspersons are now republicans

57
Q

According to the cue-taking model

A

Members of congress made decisions by checking how key colleagues intend to vote on a bill

58
Q

“Money-bills”

A

Most originate in the house

59
Q

After a bill has been introduced and referred to a committee

A

The committee may hold hearings to explore the merits of the bill

60
Q

After being reported by a committee but before being sent to the house floor, bills are given to the——-, which defines the conditions under which bills are to be considered by the house

A

Rules committee

61
Q

The job of a conference committee,

A

Reconcile house and senate versions of a bill

62
Q

The budget and impoundment control act of 1974 requires,

A

The president to spend the funds that congress has appropriated

63
Q

One of the most powerful agencies in Washington, the———assists in the preparation of the federal budget and monitors federal agencies throughout the year

A

Office of management and budget

64
Q

The actual passage of a bill setting the funds that an agency can spend is called

A

Appropriation

65
Q

A temporary law that congress passes when an appropriations bill has not been decided by the beginning of the fiscal year

A

Continuing resolution

66
Q

When a political party wins a majority of seats in parliamentary system, that party

A

Selects the prime minister( party leader)

67
Q

Incumbents running for reelection are successful approximately—of the time

A

95%

68
Q

If nonpartisan panels drew congressional districts, it is likely that

A

There would be an increase in the spending of tv and Internet ads

69
Q

Which of the following is true about congress of 2006

A

Median age of congress is higher than the middle age of the american population

AP Government (5 decks)

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