Ch 12

Question 1

coping responses to stress

Answer 1

aimed at restoring equilibrium

Question 2

adaptations

Answer 2

the changes that take place as a result of stress and coping

Question 3

distress

Answer 3

threatens health

Question 4

eustress

Answer 4

good stress

Question 5

developmental stressors

Answer 5

those that can be predicted to occur at various stages of a person’s life

Question 6

situational stressors

Answer 6

unpredictable

Question 7

Physiological stressors

Answer 7

those that affect body structure or function
chemical
physical or mechanical
nutritional
biological
genetic
lifestyle

Question 8

Psychosocial stressors

Answer 8

external stressors that arise from work, family dynamics, living situation, social relationships, and other aspects of our daily living

Question 9

Hans Selye

Answer 9

response-based model

The Holmes-Rahe social readjustment scale

Question 10

Coping strategies

Answer 10

the thinking processes and behaviors a person uses to manage stressors

Question 11

Adaptive (effective) coping

Answer 11

consists of making healthy choices that reduce the negative effects of stress

Question 12

Maladaptive (ineffective) coping

Answer 12

does not promote adaptation

Question 13

3 approaches to cope with stress

Answer 13

Altering the stressor
Adapting to the stressor
Avoiding the stressor

Question 14

hardiness

Answer 14

a quality of people that thrive despite overwhelming stressors

Question 15

General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Answer 15

A group of nonspecific responses that all people share in the face of stressors
A whole-body response to a stressor
3 stages:
- Alarm stage- fight or flight
- Resistance stage- Coping with the stressor
- Exhaustion or Recovery stage- Final effort to adapt

Question 16

Local Adaptation Syndrome (LAS)

Answer 16

A localized body response
2 most common LAS responses are:
- Reflex pain response- involuntary, predictable
- Inflammatory response- local reaction to cell injury

Question 17

exudate

Answer 17

the fluid and white blood cells that move from the circulation tot he site of injury

Question 18

healing

Answer 18

the replacement of tissue by regeneration or repair

Question 19

Regeneration

Answer 19

replacement of the damaged cells with identical or similar cells

Question 20

Repair

Answer 20

scar tissue replaces the original tissue

Question 21

Psychological responses are

Answer 21

emotional
cognitive
behavioral

Question 22

fear

Answer 22

an emotion or feeling of apprehension from an identified danger, threat, or pain

Question 23

anger

Answer 23

a strong, uncomfortable feeling of animosity, hostility, extreme indignation, or displeasure

Question 24

Hostility

Answer 24

when anger involves destructive behaviors, such as physical or verbal abuse

Question 25

Depression

Answer 25

unresolved anger that may result in stress

Question 26

Somatoform disorders

Answer 26

conditions characterized by the presence of physical symptoms with known organic cause

Question 27

hypochondriasis

Answer 27

the person is abnormally concerned with his health and interprets his real or imagined symptoms unrealistically, fearing that they will get worse

Question 28

somatization

Answer 28

anxiety and emotional turmoil are expressed in physical symptoms, loss of physical function, pain that changes location often, and depression

Question 29

Pain disorder

Answer 29

emotional pain that manifests physically

Question 30

malingering

Answer 30

a conscious effort to escape unpleasant situations

Question 31

5 phases that people who experience crisis go through

Answer 31

- Precrisis - Impact - Crisis - Adaptive - Postcrisis

Question 32

Physiological responses to stressors

Answer 32

- Dilated pupils - Muscle tension - Stiff neck - Headaches - Nail biting - skin palor - skin lesions - diaphoresis - dry mouth - nausea - weight loss- appetite changes - increased blood glucose - increased heart rate - cardiac dysrhythmias - water retention - hyperventilation - chest pain - increased urinary frequency - decreased urinary output - diarrhea or constipation - flatulence

Question 33

CAM

Answer 33

complementary and Alternative Modalities | used for stress reduction

Question 34

Relaxation

Answer 34

A state of reduced physical and mental arousal

Question 35

Progressive relaxation

Answer 35

A quiet meditative state or lying in bed, relaxing and contracting muscle groups

Question 36

passive relaxation

Answer 36

a person relaxes muscle groups without contracting them first

Question 37

cognitive restucturing

Answer 37

helping clients to recognize their negative focus and to restructure their thinking in more positive and realistic ways

Question 38

stress

Answer 38

the disturbance in a persons normal balance state