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A&P lecture > Ch 11 Nervous System > Flashcards

Ch 11 Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

The general types of cells that make up the nervous system are _______ and _________ cells

A

Neurons ; glial cells

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2
Q

The two major subdivisions of the nervous system are the_______ and the _________ nervous systems

A

Central (CNS) and Peripheral (PNS)

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3
Q

The subdivision of the nervous system that consists of nerve tissue external to the central nervous system is the ______ nervous system

A

Peripheral

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4
Q

The division of the nervous system that is responsible for processing, integrating, storing and responding to information is the ________ nervous system

A

Central

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5
Q

Select all of the cell types that are components of the nervous system.

• Neurons
• Neurite
• Myoglia
• Glial Cells

A

Neurons ; glial cells

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6
Q

The sensory division is also known as the ________ division of the nervous system

A

Afferent

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7
Q

The motor divisions of the peripheral nervous system is further divided into the __________ subdivisions

A. Autonomic and somatic
B. Afferent and Efferent

A

A. Autonomic and somatic

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8
Q

The efferent division of the peripheral nervous system is also called the _____ division

A. Sensory
B. Motor

A

B. Motor

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9
Q

The somatic nervous system is the sub-division of the efferent division that transmits electrical impulses from_______

A.) the CNS towards cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands

B.) the CNS towards skeletal muscle

C.) receptors towards the CNS

A

B.) The CNS towards skeletal muscle

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10
Q

The division of the motor nervous system that is under involuntary control and innervates glands, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle is the ______ division

A

Autonomic

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11
Q

The afferent division of the peripheral nervous system is also called the ______ division

A) Motor
B) Sensory

A

B) Sensory

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12
Q

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems are subdivisions of the _______

A.) efferent division

B.) central nervous system

C.) Afferent division

A

A.) efferent division

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13
Q

The motor division is synonymous with the ______ division of the nervous system

A

Efferent

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14
Q

Which cell type accounts for over half of the brain’s weight and outnumbers neurons by 10 to 50 times?

A

Glial cells

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15
Q

The somatic nervous system is ________ division of the motor division

A.) an involuntary

B.) a voluntary

A

B.) a voluntary

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16
Q

The self-governing division of the motor division of the nervous system is the _______ nervous system

A.) somatic

B.) autonomic

A

B.) autonomic

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17
Q

Which part of a neuron makes proteins and packages them into vesicles?

A

The cell body

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18
Q

Niss bodies in neurons are the primary site of ________ synthesis

A) lipid
B) myelin
C) DNA
D) protein
E) RNA

A

D) Protein

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19
Q

The highly branched cytoplasmic extensions of a neuron cell body that are specialized to receive input and conduct signals called toward the cell body are called what?

A

Dendrites

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20
Q

Dendritic spines are _____ of dendrites

A) vesicles

B.) rough endoplasmic reticulum

C) small extensions

A

C.) small extensions

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21
Q

An axon hillock transitions into the _______ segment of an axon

A) First
B) Intial
C) Primary
D) Opening

A

B) intial

22
Q

The point of contact between an axon and its target is called a(n)

A) synapse
B) Z line
C) intercalated disk

A

A) synapse

23
Q

What substance fills synaptic vesicles?

A

Neurotransmitter substances

24
Q

Neurons that are found between an afferent pathway and an efferent pathway are called

A

Interneurons

25
Q

A synapse is a _____ between two cells

A

Junction

26
Q

Afferent neurons carry information _______ the CNS

A) toward

B) away from

A

A) toward the CNS

27
Q

In the nervous system, the term _______ refers to signal conduction from the CNS to effectors.

A) efferent
B) Afferent
C) association

A

A) efferent

28
Q

Branched cytoplasmic extensions of the neuron that receive input and transmit signals toward the cell body are

A

Dendrites

29
Q

What are the structural types of neurons? (Hint 3 answers)

A

Multipolar neuron, pseudo- unipolar and bipolar neuron

30
Q

What are the four types of CNS glial cells?

A

1.) astrocytes
2.) ependymal cells
3.) microglia
4) oligodendrocytes

31
Q

The star-shaped neuroglia with cytoplasmic processes extending outward from the cell body are

A

Astrocytes

32
Q

True or false: Motor neurons transmit nerve signals toward the CNS.

A

False

33
Q

Schwann cells and satellite cells are examples of neuroglial cells in the _____ nervous system

A) peripheral
B) central

A

A) peripheral

34
Q

What is the name of the gaps found between segments of myelin along an axon?

A

Nodes of Ranvier

35
Q

There are several types of support cells within the nervous system. As a group, these support cells are called __________ cells.

A

Glial cells

36
Q

Glial cells that form processes which extend to blood vessels are ____

A) microglia
B) astrocytes
C) satellite cells
D)oligodendrocytes

A

B) astrocytes

37
Q

The knotlike swelling in a nerve where neuron cell bodies are found is called a ______

A

Ganglion

38
Q

The electrical signals that are propagated along axons, regulating and coordinating body activities, are known as _________

A

action potentials

39
Q

Electrically excitable cells use the difference of ________ across the cell membrane to carry out their functions

A. chemicals
B. Hormones
C. Proteins
D. Ions

A

D. Ions

40
Q

True or false: The potential difference is caused by a difference in concentration of charged particles on either side of the cell membrane

A

True

41
Q

A cell is not stimulated but it does contain an electrical charge difference across its membrane. This charge difference is its __________

A. Depolarization
B. Repolarization of charge
C. Resting Membrane Potential
D. Hyper polarization

A

C. Resting Membrane Potential

42
Q

Excitable cells operate through the movement of ions across ______

A. The nucleus
B. The cytoplasm
C. The plasma membrane
D. Mitochondria

A

C. The plasma membrane

43
Q

When the resting membrane potential becomes more _______ the condition is referred to as hyperpolarization

A. Positive
B. Negative

A

B. negative

44
Q

When Na+ channels open, what happens to the Nations?

A

Na+ diffuses into the cell.

45
Q

Resting membrane potential is measured using a(n)

A

oscilloscope

46
Q

During an action potential, depolarization is due to _______ ions _______ the cell

A. Calcium; leaving
B. Potassium; entering
C. Potassium; leaving
D. Sodium; entering
E. Sodium; leaving

A

D. Sodium; entering

47
Q

As the strength of a stimulus increases, the magnitude of a graded potential will ________

A. Stay the same
B. Decrease
C. Increase

A

C. Increase

48
Q

During a resting membrane potential, sodium-voltage gated channels are closed OR open?

A

Closed

49
Q

Sodium ions move into a neuron during _______

A. Depolarization
B. Repolarization

A

A. Depolarization

50
Q

True or false: Once achieved, a single action potential can travel the distance of the entire axon of the neuron

A

False

51
Q

A refractory period is a time in which the plasma membrane becomes ___ to further stimulation

A. More sensitive
B. Less sensitive

A

B. Less sensitive

52
Q

The tvpe of action potential conduction in an unmyelinated axon is _________ conduction

A

Continuous

A&P lecture (8 decks)

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