Ch 1 human organism And Homeostasis

Question 1

What is the principle of complementarity of structure and function?

Answer 1

What a structure can do is based on its form. Function follows structure.

Question 2

What are the 6 levels of structural and functional organization of the human body?

Answer 2

1. Chemical
2. Cell
3. Tissue
4. Organ
5. Organ System
6. Organism

Question 3

Name the 11 organ systems of the body

Answer 3

1. Integumentary
2. Skeletal
3. Muscular
4. Nervous
5. Endocrine
6. Cardiovascular
7. Lymphatic
8. Respiratory
9. Digestive
10. Urinary
11. Reproductive

Question 4

Name the 6 characteristics of Life

Answer 4

1. Organization: condition in which there are specific relationships and functions.
2. Metabolism: all chemical reactions of the body.
3. Responsiveness: ability to sense changes and adjust.
4. Growth: increase in size and/or number of cells.
5. Development: changes in an organism over time.
   Differentiation: change from general to specific.
   Morphogenesis: change in shape of tissues, organs.
6. Reproduction: new cells or new organisms

Question 5

What is the definition of homeostasis?

Answer 5

The maintenance of relatively constant internal environment within the body

Question 6

In regard to homeostasis, what is another word for variables?

Answer 6

Conditions (of the body)

Question 7

What is a set point in homeostasis?

Answer 7

The ideal normal value of a variable

Question 8

What is a negative-feedback mechanism? List an example.

Answer 8

Return any deviation of variable back towards set point value (ideal value)
.
Examples: temperature, blood pressure, dehydration..

Question 9

What components are involved in maintaining homeostasis?

Answer 9

1. Receptor: monitors the value of some varial
2. Control center: establishes the set point.
3. Effector: can change the value of the variable