Ch. 11: Eating Disorders

Question 1

Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 1

a) restriction of behaviors that promote healthy weight (typically achieved through dieting, purging, or excessive exercise), b) intense fear of gaining weight an being fat (not reduced by weight loss), c) distorted body image or sense of body shape (continue to believe they’re overweight) with self-esteem closely linked to maintaining thinness; most sufferers become preoccupied with food; typically begins in early middle teenage years; can occur in men, but with different symptoms

Question 2

Frequently Diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 2

depression, OCD, phobias, panic disorder, substance use disorders, various personality disorders; high suicide rates

Question 3

Physical Consequences of Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 3

biological consequences: low blood pressure, slow heart rate, kidney and gastrointestinal problems, bone mass decline, dry skin, brittle nails, change in hormone levels, mild anemia; some people lose hair

Question 4

Prognosis of Anorexia Nervosa

Answer 4

50-70% eventually recover; often takes 6-7 years; relapses common before achieved; life-threatening illness, death rates 10 times higher than general population and twice as high as other disorders; mortality 3-5%, usually from physical complications and suicide

Question 5

Criteria for Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 5

involves episodes of rapid consumption of a large amount of food, followed by compensatory behavior such as vomiting, fasting, laxative/diuretic use, or excessive exercise to prevent weight gain; people with bulimia DO NOT lose a tremendous amount of weight; afraid of gaining weight, and self-esteem relies on weight; highly likely to be dissatisfied with bodies; accurate in reporting weight

Question 6

Binge Characteristics

Answer 6

a) involves eating excessive amounts of food within a short period of time, b) involves a feeling of losing control over eating (like you can’t stop); typically occurs in secret and in morning or afternoon

Question 7

Binge Triggers

Answer 7

stress and negative emotions; negative social interaction

Question 8

Characteristics of People with Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 8

begins in late adolescence or early adulthood; mostly women; often somewhat overweight before onset of disorder, often begins during an episode of dieting; can persist into adulthood and middle age

Question 9

Frequently Diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 9

depression, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, conduct disorder; suicide rates are higher than general population but lower than in anorexia; presence predicts onset of depression and substance abuse, vice versa for depression

Question 10

Physical Consequences of Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 10

menstrual irregularities; typically have normal BMI; depletion of nutrients, heartbeat irregularities, tearing of stomach tissue and throat, loss of dental enamel, swollen salivary glands

Question 11

Prognosis of Bulimia Nervosa

Answer 11

mortality rate nearly 4%; nearly 75% eventually recover; intervening soon after diagnosis leads to better prognosis;

Question 12

Criteria for Binge Eating Disorder

Answer 12

reported binge eating episodes include at least three of: eating more quickly that usual, eating until over full, eating large amounts even if not hungry, eating alone due to embarrassment about large quantity, feeling bad after binge; absence of weight loss and compensatory behavior

Question 13

Obese

Answer 13

BMI greater than 30