Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

E-Commerce > Ch. 11: B2B E-Commerce: Supply Chain Mgmt & Collaborative Commerce > Flashcards

Ch. 11: B2B E-Commerce: Supply Chain Mgmt & Collaborative Commerce Flashcards

1
Q

total inter-firm trade

A

the total flow of value among firms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

B2B commerce

A

all types of inter-firm trade to exchange value across organizational boundaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

B2B e-commerce (digital commerce)

A

the portion of B2B commerce that is enabled by the Internet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

supply chain

A

the links that connect business firms w/one another to coordinate production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the 4 phases in the evolution of B2B commerce.

A

mid 1970s: automated order entry systems
late 1970s: electronic data interchange
mid 1990s: B2B electronic storefronts
late 1990s: net marketplace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

automated order entry systems

A

involve the use of telephone modems to send digital orders
(1980s: PCs using private networks
(1990s Internet work stations accessing electronic online catalogs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

electronic data interchange (EDI)

A

a communications standard for sharing business documents and settlement info among a small number of firms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

B2B electronic storefronts

A

online catalog of products made available to the public marketplace by a single supplier (like Amazon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

net marketplace

A

brings suppliers and buyers into a single Internet-based environment to conduct trade

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

private industrial networks/private trading exchange (PTX)

A

Internet-based communication environments that extend far beyond procurement to encompass truly collaborative commerce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name 10 potential benefits and challenges of B2B e-commerce.

A
  1. lower administrative costs
  2. lower search costs for buyers
  3. reduce inventory costs by increasing competition among suppliers (increasing price transparency) and reducing inventory to minimum
  4. lower transaction costs by eliminating paperwork and automating parks of the procurement process
  5. increase production flexibility by ensuring delivery of parts “just in time”
  6. improve quality of products by increasing cooperation among buyers & sellers and reducing quality issues
  7. decrease product cycle time by sharing designs and production schedules w/suppliers
  8. increase opportunities for collaborating w/suppliers and distributors
  9. create greater price transparency
  10. increase the visibility and real-time info sharing among all participants in the supply chain network
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the main challenge with B2B e-commerce?

A

changing existing procurement process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

procurement process

A

how firms purchase goods they need to produce for consumers

currently: firms purchase from suppliers who purchase from suppliers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 7 steps in the procurement process?

A
  1. searching for suppliers of specific products
  2. qualifying seller and products
  3. negotiating prices, credit, escrow, quality and delivery
  4. purchase orders issued
  5. buyers is sent an invoice
  6. goods are shipped
  7. buyer sends a payment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are 2 distinctions that are important in understanding how B2B e-commerce can improve?

A
  1. firms make purchase of 2 kinds of goods from suppliers (direct and indirect)
  2. firms use different methods for purchasing goods (contract and spot)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

in/direct goods

A

good in/directly involved in the production process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MRO goods

A

products for maintenance, repair and operations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

contract purchasing

A

involves long-term written agreements to purchase specified products, under agreed upon terms and quality, for an extended period of time (general for direct goods ~ 80%)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

spot purchasing

A

involves the purchase of goods based on immediate needs in larger marketplaces that involve many suppliers (generally for indirect goods ~ 20% of trade)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

multi-tier supply chain

A

the chain of primary, secondary and tertiary suppliers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

(SCM) supply chain management

A

refers to a wide variety of activities that firms and industries use to coordinate the key players in their procurement process

22
Q

Name 2 recent developments in SCM

A
  1. just-in-time production

2. lean production

23
Q

just-in-time production

A

a method of inventory cost mgmt. that seeks to eliminate excess inventory to a bare minimum: parts arrive just before they are needed and payment doesn’t occur until parts are used

24
Q

lean production

A

a set of production methods and tools that focuses on the elimination of waste throughout the customer value chain

25
Q

supply chain simplification

A

reduce size of supply chains and work more closely w/smaller groups of “strategic” supplier firms to reduce product and administrative costs while improving quality

26
Q

tight coupling

A

a method for ensuring that suppliers precisely deliver the ordered parts, at a specific time and particular location, to ensure the production process is not interrupted for lack of parts

27
Q

centralized supply chains

A

adopting a single, global supply chain system that integrates all the firm’s vendors and logistics info into a single enterprise-wide system

28
Q

adaptive supply chains

A

breaking up single supply chain systems into regional or product-based ones w/some level of centralization but substantial autonomy for the smaller systems

29
Q

What are 4 benefits of adaptive supply chains?

A
  1. can move production around the world to temporary safe harbors
  2. shift to optimal-cost not low cost supply chains
  3. more distributed manufacturing and flexible supply chains that can shift from high to low risk area
  4. shorter supply chains = rapid response
30
Q

accountable supply chains

A

the labor conditions in low-wage, under-developed producer countries are visible and morally acceptable to ultimate consumers in more developed industrial societies

31
Q

(FLA) Fair Labor Association

A

a coalition of business firms w/offshore production and global supply chains

32
Q

sustainable business

A

a call for businesses to take social and ecological interests (not just just in corporate profits) in all decisions
= balance profits, social community development and minimal impact on the world environment

33
Q

Why was EDI developed?

A

to reduce costs, delays and errors inherent in the annual exchanges of documents

34
Q

How does EDI differ from unstructured messages?

A

its messages are organized w/distinct field for each of the pieces of info in a commercial transaction

35
Q

What are the 3 stages of development of EDI?

A
  1. attempted to automate the flow of documents
  2. attempted to eliminate documents like purchase orders by sharing production schedules w/their suppliers that described exactly when and where supplies would be needed
  3. supplier firms were given online access to production schedules and responsibility was on them
36
Q

(SCM) supply chain management systems

A

continuously link the activities of buying, making and moving products from suppliers to purchasing firms, and well as integrating the demand side of the business equation by including the order entry system in the process

37
Q

collaborative commerce

A

the use of digital technologies to permit organization to collaboratively design, develop, build and manage products through their life cycles
–>move from transaction to relationship focus among supply chain participants

38
Q

What are 4 ways in which social networks have affected B2B commerce (the extended social enterprise)

A
  1. more personal relationship based on conversations w/participants in the supply chain using social networks
  2. sharing of ideas more unstructured, situational and personal
  3. able to respond to fast moving developments that affect supply chains
  4. can provide intimate connections among customers, suppliers and logistics partners that are needed to keep the supply chain functioning and based on current conditions
39
Q

What are the 2 types of Internet-based B2B commerce systems?

A
  1. net marketplaces (public)

2. private industrial networks

40
Q

frictionless commerce

A
  1. suppliers compete w/one another on rice
  2. transactions are automated and at a low cost
  3. make money on transaction fees
41
Q

e-distributor

A

provides an electronic catalog that represents the products of direct manufacturers (an Amazon for the industry)
-independently owned intermediaries that offer industrial customers a single source from which to order indirect goods on a pot, as needed basis

42
Q

e-procurement

A

an independently owned intermediary that connects online suppliers offering maintenance & repair parts to business firms who pay to join the market

43
Q

(VCM) value chain management services

A

automation of a firm’s entire procurement process on the buyer side and selling business processes on the seller side

44
Q

exchange

A

an independently owned online marketplace that connects suppliers and buyers in a dynamic, real-time environment

45
Q

industry consortium

A

industry-owned vertical market that enables buyers to purchase direct inputs (goods and services) from a limited set of invited participants

46
Q

What is the ultimate objective of industry consortium?

A

unification of supply chains within entire industries, across many tiers, through common data definitions, network standards, and computing platforms

47
Q

What are 3 examples of private industrial networks & collaborative commerce

A
  1. collaborative resource planning, forecasting and replenishment (CPFR)
  2. demand chain visibility
  3. marketing coordination and product design
48
Q

trans-organizational business process

A

requires at least 2 independent firmest to perform; focus on the voluntary coordination of suppliers and manufacturers

49
Q

(CPFR) collaborative resource planning, forecasting and replenishment

A

involves working w/network members to forecast demand, develop production plans, and coordinate shipping, warehousing and stocking activities to ensure that retail and wholesale shelf space is replenished w/just the right amount of goods

50
Q

demand chain visibility

A

know where excess capacity or supplies existed in the supply and distribution chains

E-Commerce (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions