Ch. 11

Question 1

learned reinforcer

Answer 1

a stimulus that is a reinforcer because it has been paired with another reinforcer

Question 2

pairing procedure

Answer 2

the pairing of a neutral stimulus with a reinforcer or aversive stimulus

Question 3

value-altering principle

Answer 3

the pairing procedure converts a neutral stimulus into a learned reinforcer or learned aversive stimulus

Question 4

generalized learned reinforcer

Answer 4

a learned reinforcer that is a reinforcer because it has been paired with a variety of other reinforcers

Question 5

token economy

Answer 5

a system of generalized learned reinforcers in which the organism that receives those generalized reinforcers can save them and exchange them for a variety of backup reinforcers later

Question 6

learned aversive stimulus

Answer 6

a stimulus that is aversive because it has been paired with another aversive stimulus

Question 7

conditional stimulus

Answer 7

elements of a stimulus have their value or function only when they are combined; otherwise, the individual elements may be neutral