CH 10 PROCESSING AND EVALUATING Flashcards
1
Q
descriptive statistics
A
- organise, summarise, describe raw data
- more easily interpreted
- e.g. table, graphs, frequency distributions, line graphs, histograms
2
Q
inferential statistics
A
calculations or sets of data
- form conclusions and generalise findings
- statistically significant or not
- enable researchers to draw reliable + valid conclusions
3
Q
purpose of tables, graphs and percentages
A
tables - present and summarise data
graphs - visual display of data. large amounts of info neatly organised. relationship between variables
percentages - show proportion of a sample
4
Q
types of graphs
A
- frequency distribution
- line graph
- histogram
- bar graph
- frequency polygon
5
Q
central tendency
A
- mean
- median
- mode
6
Q
dispersion
A
- frequency distribution curve
- normal distribution curve
- negatively skewed = tail pointing to negative
- positively skewed
- bimodal
- range
- st. dev.
- low - scored clustered at mean
- high - scores spread from mean
- correlation
- negative
- positive
- zero
- scatterplot
- correlation coefficient
7
Q
statistical significance
A
- how likely that any result obtained from research is due to chance
- extent to which change influenced the results of a study
- measures reliability
- tested by the p value
8
Q
p value
A
p<0.05 = statistically significant
- not by chance
- can be generalised (applied to wider population)
9
Q
reliability
A
- internal consistency reliability
- test-retest
- parallel forms of reliability
- inter-rater reliability
10
Q
validity
A
- content validity
- construct validity
- external validity
- criterion-related validity
11
Q
improvement
A
- looking at limitations and suggesting alternate ways of collecting data
- increasing sample size of research to make it more representative of the pop.
- longitudinal research design, cross-sectional design, longitudinal sequential design
