Ch. 10 Organizational Culture & Change

Question 1

Define Organizational Culture

Answer 1

A system of shared meaning held by members that distinguish the organization from other organization

Question 2

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Name the 7 organizational cultures

Answer 2

1) Innovation & Risk-taking
2) Attention to detail
3) Outcome orientation
4) People orientation
5) Team orientation
6) Aggressiveness
7) stability

Question 3

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe Innovation & Risk-taking culture at an organization

Answer 3

The degree to which employees are encoraged to innovate and take risk

Question 4

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe Attention to detail

Answer 4

The degree to which employees are excepted to exhibit PRECISION, ANALYZE, & pay attention to detail

Question 5

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe Outcome orientation

Answer 5

The degree to ehich management focuses on results/outcome rather than technique.
- Compared to companies who focus on process:
Emphasize team

Question 6

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe people orientation

Answer 6

The degree to which management decesion take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization

Question 7

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe Team Orientation

Answer 7

The degree to which work activities are organized through team; rather than individuals

Question 8

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe aggresiveness

Answer 8

The degree to which people are aggresive & competive rather than easy going

Question 9

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Describe stability

Answer 9

The degree to which orgazational activities emphasize the status quo in contrast to growth

Question 10

Characteristics of Organizational Culture - Name the 7 organizational cultures

Answer 10

1) Innovation & Risk-taking
2) Attention to detail
3) Outcome orientation
4) People orientation
5) Team orientation
6) Aggressiveness
7) stability

Question 11

Level of Culture name all 4

Answer 11

1) Artifacts
2) Belief
3) Values
4) Assumptions

Question 12

Level of Culture Define - Artifact

Answer 12

Aspect of an organization culture that you see, hear, & feel

Question 13

Level of Culture Define - Beliefs

Answer 13

The understanding of how objects & ideas relate to each other.

Question 14

Level of Culture Define - Values

Answer 14

the stable, long lasting beliefs about what is important

Question 15

Level of Culture Define - Assumptions

Answer 15

The taken- for granted- notions of hpw something should be in organization. THE PART YOU CAN’T SEE

Question 16

Creating An Ethical Culture (5)

Answer 16

1) Be a visible role model
2) Communicate ethical expectations
3) Provide ethical trainnig
4) Visible reward ethical acts & punish unethical ones
5) Provide protection mechanism

Question 17

Define Organizational Structures

Answer 17

Define how jobs tasks are formally DIVIDED, GORUPED, COORDINATED

Question 18

Organzational Structures - Name the Six Key Elements

Answer 18

1) Work Specialization
2) Departmentalization
3) Chain of Command - hierarchy
4) Span of Control
In theory: How much power does the manager obtain
In Practice: In traces back to the number of subordinates
5) Centralization & Decentralization
6) Formalization - Number of rules & policies in wrttinh
- Do these rules restrict what people can
do?

Question 19

Describe the Lewin’s Three step Model

Answer 19

An argument by Kurt Lewis that succesful chnage in organization should follow three steps

Question 20

Eloborate the 4 steps from the Lewin’s Three step Model

Answer 20

1) Unfreezing: Status quo
- Make it clear you will have support
- Make changes comfortable
2) Moving: To a new status
-Actualy provide the support that you claimed
- Show evidence that yoour moving in the correct
direction
3) Refreezing: The new changes that make it permanent
- When the changes has ended

Question 21

What is Kotter’s 8 step plan

Answer 21

refer to notes

Question 22

Individuals Resistance Name the four reasons

Answer 22

1) Self Interest
2) Misunderstanding
3) Different assessment
4) Low tolerance for change

Question 23

Individual resistance - Self-interest

Answer 23

When the change harms an idividual in the organization (not the staff, or company as a whole)
- suggest different job. if nothing make them do it]

Question 24

Describe individuals resist - Misunderstanding

Answer 24

Some people will not understand the change and what it entails
- explain in simple language

Question 25

Describe individuals resist - Different assesment

Answer 25

When people do not think your change is going to work

- If someone has a different assesment, they MUST be include in process

Question 26

Describe individuals resist - Low tolerance for change

Answer 26

Try to make it comfortable

Question 27

Important tactical choices for change (2)

Answer 27

1) speed of change

2) Style of change

Question 28

Important tactical choices for change - describe speed of change

Answer 28

Urgency
Degree of importance
  - more suppot = quickly
Amount of complexity change
  - Lots = slow
Knowledge and skills available
  - Lots of knowledge - fast
Finances & other resources
 - Lots = fast

Question 29

Important tactical choices for change - describe Style of change

Answer 29

Particpatory

Non-participatory

Question 30

Hurdles to attaining a high salary (3)

Answer 30

1) Motivation
2) Skill
3) Social Enviroment