ch 10 measurement and data collection

Question 1

5 concepts of measurement

Answer 1

-directness of measurement
-measurement error
-level of measurement
-reliability
-validity

Question 2

operating principle: determining the value of
concrete things (O2 sat, temp, weight)

Answer 2

direct measurement

Question 3

operating principle: the thing to measure is
abstract, a characteristic, or a concept (pain, depression, coping, self care, self esteem)

Answer 3

indirect measurement

Question 4

how to calculate measurement error

Answer 4

observed score (in study) - true score (in real life) = measurement error

Question 5

2 types of error

Answer 5

systematic error
random error

Question 6

type of error: the variation in measurement is in the same direction

Answer 6

systematic error

Question 7

type of error: the difference is without pattern

Answer 7

random error

Question 8

4 levels of measurement from lowest to highest

Answer 8

-nominal (lowest)
-ordinal
-interval
-ratio (highest)

Question 9

level of measurement: discrete category (diagnoses, gender, ethnicity)

Answer 9

nominal

Question 10

level of measurement: ranking in order, numbers preserve order (levels of mobility, income, army ranking, levels of burns)

Answer 10

ordinal

Question 11

level of measurement: equal numerical distances, can go below 0, represents a continuum (temperature, agree/disagree scale)

Answer 11

interval

Question 12

level of measurement: includes all criteria and has absolute zero point, continuum, exclusive and exhaustive (weight, BP, blood glucose)

Answer 12

ratio

Question 13

types of validity

Answer 13

-construct
-content

Question 14

type of validity: how well the concepts and
definitions match each other

Answer 14

construct

Question 15

type of validity: does it truly represent the
concept under study

Answer 15

content

Question 16

How consistently the measurement technique measures the concept of interest.
-exists in degrees
-expressed by coefficient (r)

Answer 16

reliability

Question 17

3 aspects focused on in reliability testing

Answer 17

-stability
-equivalence
-homogeneity

Question 18

Lowest acceptable coefficient for well-developed measurement tool

Answer 18

0.80

Question 19

acceptable coefficient for newly developed instrument

Answer 19

0.70

Question 20

Statistical representation of degree of relationship between two sets of measurements

Answer 20

correlation coefficient

Question 21

The accidental discovery of
something useful or valuable;
can lead to new insights and must be named in study

Answer 21

serendipity