Ch. 10 - Complex Experimental Designs

Question 1

Levels

Answer 1

-Also called groups or conditions, of the independent variable

Question 2

Factorial design

Answer 2

-Has more than one independent variable (or “factor”), and all levels of each independent variable (IV) are combined with all levels of the other independent variables.

of levels of 1st IV x # of levels of 2nd IV

Question 3

Main effect

Answer 3

• Is the effect that each independent variable BY ITSELF has on the dependent variable
• Essentially, the main effect pretends that the other independent variable didn’t exist in this experiment

Question 4

Moderator variable

Answer 4

-Influences the relationship between two other variables

Question 5

Simple main effect

Answer 5

-A simple main effect analysis examines the mean differences at EACH LEVEL of one independent variable

Question 6

Main effect vs simple main effect

Answer 6

• The main effect of an independent variable takes the average ACROSS the levels of the other independent variable
• With simple main effects, the results are analyzed as if we had separate experiments WITHIN each level of the other independent variable

Question 7

IV x PV design

Answer 7

• A factorial design that includes both an experimental independent variable (IV) and a non-experimental participant variable (PV)
• Allows researchers to investigate how different types of people respond to the same manipulated variable
• These participant variables are often personal attributes such as sex, age, ethnic group, personality characteristics, or clinical diagnostic category
• The simplest IV x PV design includes one manipulated independent variable that has 2 levels and one participant variable with 2 levels

Question 8

Mixed-factorial design

Answer 8

-A design that includes both independent groups (between-subjects) and repeated measures (within subjects) variables

Question 9

Ways to increase complexity of factorial designs?

Answer 9

1. Increase the number of levels of one or more of the independent variables
2. Increase the number of independent variables

Question 10

Higher order factorials

Answer 10

-When we have more than 2 independent variables