Ch. 10 Flashcards
Cancer
Leading cause of suffering and death in the developed world
How is cancer a form of Darwinian evolution
Tumor development has cells with heritable change that have a survival advantage, so they outcompete their neighbors
Cancer is a collection of more then _ diseases
100
Is cancer age related
yes
what modifies the risk of developing cancer and the response to treatment
-Environment
-Heredity
-Behavior
Epigenetic
Study of how behavior and environment cause changes that affect gene mutation
Cancer is derived from the greek word
Karkinoma (Crab)
Karkinoma/hippocrates use crab to describe
projections extending from tumors into adjacent tissues
Tumor used to
refer to any swelling caused by inflammation
Tumor now
reserved for describing new growth or neoplasm
Are all tumors cancer?
No
what is a non cancerous tumor
Benign
what tumors contain cancer
malignant
What kind of cells do benign tumors have
-well-differentiated cells
-well-organized stroma
Benign tumors retain
-normal tissue structure
-don’t invade beyond capsule
Can benign tumors be dangerous
yes
-eg. benign meningioma at eh base of the skull can compress brain tissue
what tumors have cancer
malignant tumor
Malignant tumors grow
-rapidly
-abnormal organization
Hall mark of cancer
Anaplasia
Anaplasia
loss of cellular differentation
Pleomorphic
vary in size and shape
Malignant tumor structure
large, disorganized stroma, with an abnormal structure
Metastasis
ability to spread far beyond the tissue of origin/most deadly characteristic of malignant tumors
Characteristics or malignant tumors
-Rapid growth
-Anaplasia
-Pleomorphic
-Large stroma
-Metastasis