Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Developmental Psych > ch 10-13 > Flashcards

ch 10-13 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

emotional regulation

A

ability to control ehwn and how emotions are expressed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

initiative vs guilt

A

erikson’s 3rd psychosocial crisis , in which children undertake new skills and activities and feel guilty when they do not succed at them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

self concept

A

a person’s understanding of who he or she is, in relation to self-esteem, appearance, personality, and various traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

intrinsic motivation

A

a drive or reason to purrsue a goal, that comes from inside a person, such as the need to feel smart or competent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

extrinsic motivation

A

a drive or reason to pursue a goal that arises from the need to have one’s achievements rewarded from outside, perhaps by receiving material posessions or another person’s esteem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

imaginary friends

A

make believe friends who exists only in a childs imagination; common from ages 3 through 7 they combat loneliness and aid emotional regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

psychopathology

A

an illness or disorder of the mind

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

externalizing problems

A

difficulty with emotional regulation that invoves expressing powerful feelings through uncontrolled physical or verbal outbursts as by lashing out at other people or braking things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

internalizing problems

A

difficulty w/ emotional regulation that involves turning one’s emotional distress inward as by feeling excessively guilty, ashamed or worthless

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

rough and tumble play

A

play that mimics aggression through wrestling, chasing, or hitting but in which there is no intent to harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sociodramatic play

A

pretend play in which children act out various roles and themes in stories that they create

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

authoritatrian parenting

A

approch to child rearing that is characterized by high behavioral standards, strict punishment of misconduct and little communication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

permissive parenting

A

approch to child rearing that is characterized by high nurturance and communication but little disipline, guidance, or control (aka indulgent parenting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

authoritative parenting

A

an approach to child rearing in which the parents set limits but listen to the child and are flexible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

neglectful/ uninvolved parenting

A

approach to child rearing in which the parents are indifferent toward their children and unaware of what is going on in their children’s lives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

empathy

A

ability to understand the emotions and concerns of another person, especially when they differ from one’s own

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

antipathy

A

feelings of dislike or even hatred for another person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

prosocial behavior

A

actions that are helpful and kind but are no obvious benefit to oneself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

antisocial behavior

A

actions that are deliberately hurtful or destructive to another person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

instrumental aggression

A

behavior that hurts someone else b/c the aggressor wants to get or keep a possession or a priviledge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

reactive aggression

A

an impuslive retaliation for another person’s intentional or accidental action, verbal or physical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

relational aggression

A

nonphysical acts, such as insults or social rejection, aimed at harming the social connection between the victim and other people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bullying aggression

A

unprovoked, repeated physical or verbal attack, especially on victims who are unlikely to defend themselves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

psychlogical control

A

disciplinary technique that involves threatening to withdraw love and support and that relies on a child’s feelings of guilt and gratitude to the parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

sex differences

A

biological differences between males and females in organs, hormones and body type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

gender differences

A

differences in the roles and behaviors of males and females that are prescribed by the culture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

phallic stage

A

freud’s 3rd stage of development, when the penis becomes the focal point of concern and pleasure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

oedipus complex

A

unconscious desire of young boys to replace their father and win their mother’s romantic love

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

superego

A

psychoanalytic theory, the judgemental part of the personality that internalizes the moral standards of the parents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

electra complex

A

unconscious desire of girls to replace their mother and win their father’s romantic love

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

identification

A

attempt to defends one’s self-concept by taking on the behaviors and attitudes of someone else

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

gender schema

A

a cognitive concept of general belief based on one’s experiences– in this case a child’s understanding of sex differneces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

middle childhood

A

period between early childhood and early adolecence ages 6-11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

bmi

A

a persons weight in kilos divided by the square of hight in meters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

overweight

A

in a child a bmi above 85th percentile,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

obesity

A

a child having bmi above 95th percentile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

asthma

A

chronic disease of respiratory system in which inflammation narrowa the airways from the nose and mouth to lungs, causing difficulty breathing. signs and symptoms include weezing, shortness of breth, chest tightness and coughing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

reaction time

A

the time it takes to respond to a stimulus, either physically (with a relexive movement such as an eyeblink) or cognitively (with a thought)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

selective attention

A

the ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others

40
Q

automatization

A

process in which repitition of a sequence of thoughts and actions makes the sequence routine, so that it no longer requires consciousness thought

41
Q

aptitude

A

the potential to master a specific skill or to learn a certain body of knowledge

42
Q

IQ test

A

test designed to measure intellectual aptitude, or ability to learn in school. originally intellegence was defined as mental age / chronological age x 100 = IQ

43
Q

achievement test

A

measure of mastery or proficiency in reading, math, writing, sciences and some other subject

44
Q

flynn effect

A

rise in average IQ scores that has occured over the decades in many nations

45
Q

multiple intelligences

A

idea that human intellegence is comprised of a varied set of abilities rather than a single, all encompassing one

46
Q

developmental pathology

A

feild that uses insights into typical development to understand and remediate developmental disorders

47
Q

comorbid

A

refers to the presence of two or more unrelated disease conditions at the same time in the same person

48
Q

multifinality

A

basic principle of developmental psychopathy that holds that one cause can have many (multiple) fuinal manefestations

49
Q

equifinality

A

basic principle of developmental psychopathy that holds that one symptom can have many causes

50
Q

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

A

ADHD - condition in which a person not only has difficulty concentrating for more that a few moments but also is inattentive, implusive , and overactive

51
Q

bipolar disorder

A

condition characterized by extreme moodswings, from euphoria to deep depression, not caused by outside experiences

52
Q

learning disability

A

marked delay in a particular area of learning; not caused by apparent physical disability mental retardation, or by unusually stressful home environment

53
Q

dyslexia

A

unusual difficulty with reading thought to be the resut of some neurological underdevelopment

54
Q

autism

A

developmental disorder marked by an inability to relate to other people normally, extreme self absorbtion, and an inability to acquire normal speech

55
Q

autism spectrum disorder

A

any of several disorders characterized by inadequate social skills, impaired communication and unusual play

56
Q

lest restrictive environment

LRE

A

legal requirement that children with special needs be assigned to the most general educational context in which they can be expected to learn

57
Q

response to intervention

RTI

A

educational strategy intended to help children in early grades who demonstrate below average achievement by means of special intervention

58
Q

individual education plan

IEP

A

document that specifies educational goals and plans for a child with special needs

59
Q

acceleration

A

educating gifted children alongside other children of the same mental age; not chronilogical age.

60
Q

concrete operational thought

A

piagets term for the ability to reason logicallyabout direct experiences and perceptions

61
Q

classification

A

logical priciple that things can be organized into groups (or categories or classes) according to some characteristic they have in common

62
Q

transitive inference

A

ability to figureout unspoken link between one fact and another

63
Q

sensory memory

A

component of the info processing system, which incoming stimulus info is stored for a second to allow it to be processed (aka sensory register)

64
Q

working memory

A

component of the info processing system in which current conscious mental activity occurs. (aka shrt term mem)

65
Q

long term memory

A

component of the info processing system in which virtually limitless amounts of info can be stored indefinitely

66
Q

knowledge base

A

body of knowledge in a particuar area that makes it easier to masterew info in that area

67
Q

control processes

A

mechnisms (selective attention, metacog,emo regulation) combine memory, processing speed, and knowledge to regulate the analysis and flow of info within the infro processing system (aka executive processes).

68
Q

metacognition

A

thinking about thinking

69
Q

pragmatics

A

practical use of language that includes the ability to adjust language communication according to audience and context

70
Q

hidden curriculum

A

unofficial or implcit rules n priorities that influence the academic curriculum and every other aspect of learning in a school

71
Q

immersion

A

strategy which school subjects occurs in the second (usually the majority) language that a child is learning

72
Q

bilingual schooling

A

strategy in which school subjects are taught in both the learners original language and the majority (second) lingo

73
Q

trends in math n science study

TIMSS

A

international assessment of math and science skills of 4-8th graders.

74
Q

progress in international reading literacy study (PIRLS)

A

inaugurated in 2001, a planned 5 year cycle of international trend studies in the reading ability of 4th graders

75
Q

no child left behind

A

u.s. law 2001 intended to increase accountability in edu by requiring states qualify for federal edu funding by administer standardize testing to measure school achievement

76
Q

national assessment of educational progress NAEP

A

ongoing n nationally rep measure of u.s. children’s achievement on reading, math and other subjects; aka nations report card

77
Q

phonics approach

A

teaching reading by first teaching the sounds of heach letter and various letter combos

78
Q

whole language approach

A

teaching reading by encouraging early use of all language skills– talking and listening, reading and writing

79
Q

charter school

A

public school with its own set of standards that is funded and licensed by the state or local district in which it is located

80
Q

private school

A

school funded by tuition charges, endowments and often religious or other non profit sponsors

81
Q

voucher

A

public subsidy for tuition payment at a non public school. vouchers vary from place to place amount/ availability, restrictions in who gets them and what schools accept them

82
Q

home schooling

A

education in which children are taught at home; usually by their parents

83
Q

industry vs inferiority

A

4th crises erikson- children attempt to master many skills; developing sense of themselves as either industrious or inferior, competent or incomp

84
Q

latency

A

freud- middle childhood; childrens emo drives & psychosex needs are quiet (latent) sexual conflicts from earlier stages are temp submerged, bursting forth at puberty

85
Q

effortful control

A

ability to regulate ones emotions and actions through effort no natural inclination

86
Q

fam structure

A

legal and genetic relationships among relatives in the same home; includes all fam

87
Q

fam function

A

ways fam works to meet the needs of its members; providing basics, encouraging, developing self respect ; morals

88
Q

xtended fam

A

3 or more generation living in a household

89
Q

child culture

A

particular habits, styles and values that reflect set of rules n rituals that characterize children from adult society

90
Q

aggressive-rejected

A

rejected by peers because of antagoistic confrontational behavior

91
Q

withdrawn rejected

A

rejected by peers because of timid, withdrawn and anxious behavior

92
Q

bully victim

A

someone who attacks others and who is attacked as well aka proactive victims; elicit bulliying

93
Q

preconventional moral reasoning

A

kohlbergs 1st level; emphasizing rewards and punishments

94
Q

conventional moral reasoning

A

2nd lvl; emphasizing social rues

95
Q

postconventional moral reasoning

A

3rd lvl; emphasizing moral principals

Developmental Psych (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions