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Year 11 ATAR BIOLOGY > Ch. 1 The Scientific Study of Life > Flashcards

Ch. 1 The Scientific Study of Life Flashcards

1
Q

What are characteristics of a good scientist?

A 
Intelligent
Dedicated
Creative
Open - minded
Curious
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2
Q

What is ecosystem?

A

All the organisms in a given area, along with the abiotic factors with which the interact

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3
Q

What is a community?

A

An assemblage of all the organisms living together and potentially interacting in a particular area.
- ecosystem minus abiotic

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4
Q

What is a population?

A

An interbreeding group of individuals of one species in a particular area.

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5
Q

What is an organism?

A

An individual living thing.

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6
Q

What is the organ system?

A

A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions.

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7
Q

What is an organ?

A

A structure consisting of several tissues adapted as a group to perform specific functions.

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8
Q

What are tissues?

A

A cooperative unit of many similar cells that perform a specific function within an organism

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9
Q

What is a cell?

A

A basic unit of living matter separated from its environment by plasma membrane.

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10
Q

What is a molecule?

A

A group of 2+ atoms held together by a covalent bond (ex. DNA)

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11
Q

What are the steps to the scientific method/process of science?

A

1) Observe/Research
2) Question
3) Hypothesis
4) Experiment
5) Analysis of Data
6) Conclusion

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12
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

A tentative explanation a scientist proposes for a specific phenomenon observed

  • deductive reasoning (if…then…)
  • predictions
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13
Q

What is a controlled experiment?

A

Remains under normal conditions without change.

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14
Q

What is a domain?

A

A taxonomic category above kingdom

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15
Q

What are the three types of domain?

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

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16
Q

What are the properties that distinguish life from non life?

A

1) Order
2) Regulation
3) Growth and Development
4) Energy Utilization
5) Response to Environment
6) Reproduction
7) Evolution

17
Q

What is order?

A

Exhibits complex organization

18
Q

What is regulation?

A

Environment may change but regulatory mechanisms maintain organism’s internal environment within limits that sustain life.

19
Q

What is growth and development?

A

Each organism has a pattern of growth/development of its species

20
Q

What is energy utilization?

A

Take in energy and transform it to perform all of life’s activities

21
Q

What is response to environment?

A

Response to stimuli

22
Q

What is reproduction?

A

DNA lends itself to precise replication and a lll organisms reproduce own kind

23
Q

What is evolution?

A

Reproduction underlies capacity of species to evolve

24
Q

What is a theory?

A

A hypothesis supported by convincing evidence from experimentation
- can still be changed with new info

25
Q

In 1859 what occurred?

A

Darwin published “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”

26
Q

What was Darwin’s theory?

A

Evolution is the reason for life’s diversity. Species arise through “descent with modification” and natural selection.

27
Q

What is natural selection?

A

Differential success in reproduction by different phenotypes resulting from interactions with environment
- occurs when it produces changes in the relative frequency of alleles in a gene pool

28
Q

What are adaptations?

A

An inherited characteristic that enhances an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce in a specific area.

29
Q

What are the levels of the Hierarchy of Life?

A

1) Biosphere
2) Biome
3) Ecosystem
4) Community
5) Species
6) Population
7) Organism
8) Organ System
9) Organs
10) Tissues
11) Cells
12) Organelles
13) Molecules
14) Atoms
15) Sub-atomic particles

30
Q

What is the biosphere?

A

“Living globe”

  • regions on earth that life exists
  • 7 miles up/down Earth’s surface (14 miles total)
  • things can enter/leave
  • sum total of all living things
31
Q

What is a biome?

A

A climatic region in which similar biomes have same characteristics.

  • distance from equator, sea level, climate, geography
  • similar plants - > similar animals
32
Q

What is a species?

A

Organisms so similar they can mate and produce fertile offspring.

33
Q

What is taxonomy?

A

Science of classification

- placing things in groups to make sense

34
Q

What is Archaea?

A

Prokaryote cells (unicellular)

  • ancient, similar to oldest forms of life
  • incapable of making organelles
35
Q

What is Eukarya?

A

Eukaryotic

  • can make organelles
  • multicellular/unicellular
36
Q

What does “there is unity in the diversity of life” mean?

A

All organisms are different but share common characteristics. DNA is what makes us different but also connects us. The 4 nucleotides of DNA make us the same but the number, type, and sequence allow for diversity.

37
Q

Do organisms evolve?

A

No. Populations and species evolve because it is within the DNA. Small changes eventually become big changes such as new species.

Year 11 ATAR BIOLOGY (19 decks)

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