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Physical Geography > Ch 1. The Earth And The Universe > Flashcards

Ch 1. The Earth And The Universe Flashcards

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1
Q

Earth was formed how many billion years ago ?

A

4.5 billion years ago

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2
Q

Who gave Big Bang Theory and in which year ?

A

Georges Lemaitre in 1931

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3
Q

Big Bang took place how many years ago ?

A

13.8 billion years ago

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4
Q

Nearest galaxy to our Milky Way is ?

A

Andromeda Galaxy

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5
Q

The Black hole of Milky Way is called ?

A

Saggitarius A* (or) AY Star

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6
Q

What are the Inner planets/Solid planets/Terrestrial planets of the Solar System ?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars

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7
Q

What are the Outer planets/Gaseous planets/Jovian planets of the Solar System ?

A

Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune - The Gas Giants

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8
Q

What is the surface temperature of the Sun ?

A

6000°C

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9
Q

What is the interior temperature of the Sun ?

A

20 Mn.°C

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10
Q

What is Heliosphere ?

A

The volumn of space constrained by the sun’s magnetic feild is known as the heliosphere

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11
Q

What are solar winds ?

A

These are the storms of electrically charged gas blowing outward from the sun in every direction

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12
Q

What is Parker spiral ?

A

The Sun’s rotation causes the magnetic feild streamlines to assume a spiral shape, known as the Parker Spiral

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13
Q

The inner planets are made of ________ elements

A

Iron, Silicon, Magnesium, Sulfur, Aluminium, Calcium and Nickel

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14
Q

Who declared that Pluto is a Dwarf planet and in which year ?

A

International Astronomical Union (IAU), in 2006

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15
Q

Which planet is called Earth’s twin ?

A

Venus

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16
Q

Which planet is called Morning star and Evening star ?

A

Venus

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17
Q

Largest volcano and the tallest mountain in the solar system is ?

A

Olympus Mons

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18
Q

Largest moon of Jupiter is ?

A

Ganymede

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19
Q

The moons of Mars are ?

A

Phobos and Deimos

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20
Q

Largest moon of Saturn is ?

A

Titan

21
Q

Which planets are called the ice giants ?

A

Uranus and Neptune

22
Q

Which planets are called the twins of the outer solar system ?

A

Uranus and Neptune

23
Q

Period of revolution of Mercury is ?

A

88 days

24
Q

Period of revolution of Venus is ?

A

225 days

25
Q

Period of revolution of Mars is ?

A

2 years

26
Q

Period of revolution of Jupiter is ?

A

12 years

27
Q

Period of revolution of Saturn is ?

A

29 years

28
Q

Period of revolution of Uranus is ?

A

84 years

29
Q

Period of revolution of Neptune is ?

A

165 years

30
Q

what is a meteoroid ?

A

Rocky or metallic fragment of an asteroid, comet or planet

31
Q

What is a meteor ?

A

Streak of light seen when a meteoroid heats up in the atmosphere

32
Q

What is a meteorite ?

A

meteor fragment that reaches the ground

33
Q

What is a comet ?

A

Icy body surrounded by frozen gases. It orbits the Sun

34
Q

What is Kuiper Belt ?

A

It is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System. It’s one of the places where comets come from.

35
Q

What are the three largest asteroids ?

A

Ceres, Pallas and Vesta

36
Q

What are asteroids?

A

Rocky body smaller than a planet that orbits the Sun (does not orbit planet like a moon)

37
Q

Who first predicted the existence of Black holes and in which year ?

A

Albert Einstein with his general theory of relativity in 1916

38
Q

Halley’s comet can be seen for every ____ years and it was last seen in ?

A

75-79 years, 1986

39
Q

Equatorial circumference (in miles) of the Earth is ?

A

24,897 miles

40
Q

Who made the first voyage around the world and in which years ?

A

Sir Ferdinand Magellan in 1519 - 22

41
Q

what is revolution speed of the Earth ?

A

30 Km/sec

42
Q

What is the rotation speed of the Earth at the equator ?

A

460 m/sec

43
Q

When is the Winter and Summer Solstice ?

A

22nd December and 21st June

44
Q

When is Spring equinox and Autumn equinox ?

A

21st March and 21st September

45
Q

When is Perihelion and Aphelion ?

A

Early January and early July

46
Q

Average distance between two latitudes is ?

A

69 miles

47
Q

Distance between two longitudes at the equator is ?

A

69 miles

48
Q

How many degrees (longitudes) are covered in one hour of Earth’s rotation ?

A

15

Physical Geography (14 decks)

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