Ch 1 The Cell

Question 1

Prokaryotic cells don’t contain this (main organelle)

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Nucleolus is where

Answer 2

rRNA is synthesized

Question 3

Mitochondria are different from other parts of the cell in that they are

Answer 3

Semi-autonomous (replicate independently of the nucleus via binary fission)

Question 4

3 components of cytoskeleton

Answer 4

Microfilaments, micro tubules, intermediate filaments

Question 5

Microfilaments are made up of

Answer 5

Actin

Question 6

Microtubules are made of

Answer 6

Tubulin

Question 7

Epithelial tissue

Answer 7

Cover body and cavities

Question 8

Epithelial tissue constitute the

Answer 8

Parenchyma

Question 9

Connective tissue

Answer 9

Support body and provide framework for epithelial cells

Question 10

Connective tissue are main contributors to the

Answer 10

Stroma

Question 11

Most cells in connective tissue provide and secrete materials such as

Answer 11

Collagen and elastin to form ECM

Question 12

Mitochondrial dna is

Answer 12

Circular, self replicating, double stranded

Question 13

Ribosomes have a __ membrane while lysosomes have a __ membrane

Answer 13

Double, single

Question 14

Which is not a difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes:
1. Ribosomal subunit weight
2. Nucleus
3. Cell membrane
4. Organelles

Answer 14

C

Question 15

Prokaryotes include

Answer 15

All bacteria

Question 16

Archea vs bacteria

Answer 16

Both single celled, single circular chromosome, divide similarly. Metabolic pathways are different.

Question 17

Bacteria shapes

Answer 17

Spherical or cocci, rod or bacilli, spiral or spirilli

Question 18

Anaerobes that can’t survive in O2

Answer 18

Obligate anaerobes

Question 19

Bacteria that can switch between O2 and other metabolism

Answer 19

Facultative anaerobes

Question 20

Gram +

Answer 20

Stains purple by absorbing violet stain. Thick Cell wall made of peptidoglycan, also contains lipoteichoic acid which may trigger immune response

Question 21

Gram -

Answer 21

Stains pink by absorbing safranin, thin cells walls made of peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharides in outer membrane trigger human immune response greater than gram +

Question 22

Chemotaxis

Answer 22

Ability of a cell to detect chemical stimuli and move - ex bacteria w/ flagella

Question 23

Prokaryotic Flagella Vs eukaryotic flagella

Answer 23

Basal body, hook, filament vs 9 + 2 microtubules

Question 24

Binary fission

Answer 24

Simple asexual reproduction in prokaryotes

Question 25

Genetic recombination processes

Answer 25

Transformation, conjugation, transduction

Question 26

Transformation

Answer 26

Integration of foreign genetic material into host genome (such as lysis)

Question 27

Conjugation

Answer 27

Bacterial form of sex. Donor male forms conjugation bridge to recipient female. Must have sex factor to form bridge, sex factor type of plasmid

Question 28

Transduction

Answer 28

Requires a vector - bacteriophage

Question 29

Bacterial growth phases

Answer 29

Lag-exponential or log- stationary-death

Question 30

Viral genetic info may be

Answer 30

Circular or linear, ss or ds, dna or rna

Question 31

Virions

Answer 31

Viral progeny

Question 32

+ sense vs - sense viruses

Answer 32

+ sense is ssrna directly to proteins by ribosomes, - sense is ssrna to complementary rna then to protein (must carry rna replicase)

Question 33

Retroviruses

Answer 33

Ssrna to dna then integrates into host cell genome

Question 34

Lyric cycle

Answer 34

Bacteriophage maximizes host cell until it lysis. Viruses are termed virulent

Question 35

Lysogenic cycle

Answer 35

Virus integrates into cell genome as a prophage, will replicate w/ bacteria

Question 36

Prions

Answer 36

Infectious proteins that cause disease by triggering misfolding of other proteins - causes protein aggregates which impede function

Question 37

Viroids

Answer 37

Pathogens that affect plants