CH. 1 - Terms & Human Body Structural Plan

Question 1

Human Body Structural Plan

Answer 1

– Backbone
– Tube-within-a-tube body plan: digestive tract (inner) & body wall (outer)
– Bilateral symmetry: left & right sides

Question 2

Regional Terms

Answer 2

Axial region
- Axis of body; head, neck, and trunk
Appendicular region
- Appendages

Question 3

Standard Directional Terms

Answer 3

Are used by professionals to describe location of one body part in relation to another

Question 4

Anatomical Position

Answer 4

• Standing with the feet flat on the floor
• The hands are at the side
• The palms are facing forward
  (anterior)
  – Supine: lying down (face up) in the anatomical position
  – Prone: lying down (face down) in the anatomical position

Question 5

Regional Terms

Answer 5

• Axial region
• Appendicular region

Question 6

Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 6

• Cephalic (head)
• Cervical (neck)
• Thoracic
• Abdominal
• Upper limb
• Manus (hand)
• Pelvic
• Pubic
• Lower limb
• Pedal (foot)

Question 7

Cephalic - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 7

Head
- Frontal
- Orbital
- Nasal
- Oral
- Mental

Question 8

Cervical - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 8

Neck

Question 9

Thoracic - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 9

• Sternal
• Axillary
• Mammary

Question 10

Abdominal - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 10

Umbilical

Question 11

Pelvic - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 11

Inguinal (groin)

Question 12

Pubic - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 12

Genital

Question 13

Upper Limb - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 13

• Acromial
• Brachial (arm)
• Antecubital
• Antebrachial (forearm)
• Carpal (wrist)

Question 14

Manus - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 14

Hand
- Pollex
- Palmar
- Digital

Question 15

Lower Limb - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 15

• Coxal (hip)
• Femoral (thigh)
• Patellar (knee)
• Crural (leg)
• Fibular or Peroneal

Question 16

Pedal - Axial Region (Anterior/Ventral)

Answer 16

Foot
- Tarsal (ankle)
- Metatarsal
- Digital
- Hallux

Question 17

Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 17

• Cephalic
• Cervical
• Back (dorsal)
• Upper limb
• Manus (hand)
• Lower limb
• Pedal

Question 18

Cephalic - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 18

• Otic
• Occioital (back of head)

Question 19

Cervical - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 19

Neck

Question 20

Back - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 20

• Scapular
• Vertebral
• Lumbar
• Sacral
• Gluteal
• Perineal (between anus and external genitalia)

Question 21

Upper Limb - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 21

• Acromial
• Brachial (arm)
• Olecranal
• Antebrachial (forearm)

Question 22

Manus - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 22

Hand
- Metacarpal
- Digital

Question 23

Lower Limb - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 23

• Femoral (thigh)
• Popiteal
• Sural (calf)
• Fibular or Peroneal

Question 24

Pedal - Appendicular Region (Posterior/Dorsal)

Answer 24

Foot
- Calcaneal
- Plantar

Question 25

Anatomical Directions

Answer 25

• superior
• inferior
• anterior
• posterior
• medial
• lateral
• ipsilateral
• contralateral
• proximal
• distal
• superficial
• deep

Question 26

Superior

Answer 26

(cranial)
Toward the head or upper part of a structure

Question 27

Inferior

Answer 27

(caudal)
Away from the head or toward the lower part of a structure

Question 28

Anterior

Answer 28

(Ventral)
Nearer to or at the front of the body

Question 29

Posterior

Answer 29

(Dorsal)
Nearer to or at the back of the body

Question 30

Medial

Answer 30

Towards the middle (midline)

Question 31

Lateral

Answer 31

Away from the midline (to the side)

Question 32

Ipsilateral

Answer 32

On the same side of the midline

Question 33

Contralateral

Answer 33

On the opposite side of the midline

Question 34

Proximal

Answer 34

Nearer to the point of origin or attachment of a limb

Question 35

Distal

Answer 35

Farther from the point of origin

Question 36

Superficial

Answer 36

(External)
Toward or on the surface of the body

Question 37

Deep

Answer 37

(Internal)
Away from the surface