Ch 1: Terminations Flashcards
Primary Suffix
cannot stand alone as words and cant be divided into smaller parts.
e.g. child-hood, child-ish
Derived suffix
compound consisting of two or more elements or a base which functions as though it was a suffix.
e.g. child-ish-ness, child-like
Inflectional Endings
used in latin to determine whether a word is nominative or possessive, singular or plural, or masculine, feminine or neuter.
e.g. child-‘s, child-ren, child-ren-‘s
x-iz-e
to (do the action of) x --> sympathize to make (something) x --> finalize only verb-ending
x-al
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. national
x-ic
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. cubic
x-ous
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. ridiculous
x-ar-y
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. exemplary
x-ar
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. stellar
x-an
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. median
x-in-e
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. canine
x-ac
pertaining to x
adj.
e.g. cardiac
x-oid
resembling x
adj.
e.g. humanoid
x-ia
an abnormal condition involving x
noun
e.g. insommnia
x-ist
one who (does the action of) x –> biologist
one who specializes in x –> dentist
noun
x-in
a substance (which does the action) of x
noun
e.g. adrenalin
x-it-is
the inflammation of x
e.g. laryngitis
x-o-rrhex-is
the rupturing of x
e.g. break
x-o-schis-is
the splitting of x (splitting can also refer to a cleft, cleavage, or fissure of some kind)
e.g. schism
x-ias-is
the abnormal presence of x
e.g. lithiasis
x-o-clas-is
the breaking of x
e.g. iconoclastic
x-os-is
an abnormal condition involving x
e.g. neurosis
x-o-path-y
a disease of x
e.g. psychopath
x-o-megal-y
the enlargement of x
e.g. megalith
x-o-phagy
the ingestion of x
e.g. sarcophagus
Abstract noun
A noun indicating that a process of some kind is involved. Usually contain a verbal idea (i.e. a process of doing something) E.g. therapeutic and diagnostic nouns
Concrete noun
A noun denoting an object. Usually contain a substantive idea.
x-o-gen-e-sis
the production of x
e.g. genesis
x-o-poi-es-is
the formation of x
e.g. poetic
x-o-kin-es-is
the movement of x
e.g. kinetic
x-alg-ia
pain in(volving) x e.g. nostalgia
x-odyn-ia
pain in(volving) x e.g. anodyne
x-o-pleg-ia
the paralysis of x
e.g. paraplegic
x-o-pen-ia
the deficiency of x
e.g. peninsula
x-o-rrhag-ia
the rapid flowing of (something from) x
e.g. hemorrhage
x-o-malac-ia
the softening of x (“softness”)
x-o-necr-os-is
the death of x
e.g. necrophilia
x-o-sten-os-is
the narrowing of x
e.g. stenography
x-o-scler-os-is
the hardening of x
e.g. sclerosis
x-o-pt-os-is
the downward displacement of x (“fall’)
x-agr-a
gouty pain in x
x-o-rrhe-a
the flowing of (something from) x
e.g. diarrhea
x-edema
the swelling of x
e.g. oedipus
x-o-cel-e
the protrusion of (something through) x
x-o-lith
a calculus in(volving) x
e.g. monolith
x-o-spasm
a spams of x
e.g. spastic- pt a spasm of x
x-ism-us
a spasm of x
x-ec-top-ia
the displacement of x
e.g. topography
x-ec-tas-ia
the distension of x (draw out)
x-o-plas-ia
the formation of x [no abnormality is implied]
e.g. plastic
x-o-dys-plas-ia
the defective formation of x
e.g. dysfunction
x-o-troph-y
the growth/nourishment of x
e.g. atrophy
x-o-dys-troph-y
the defective growth of x
e.g. dystrophy
x-a-troph-y
the lack of growth of x
e.g. amoral
x-a-sthen-ia
the lack of strength of x
e.g. callisthenics
x-o-therap-y
treatment by means of x
e.g. chemotherapy
x-iatr-y
the healing of x
e.g. psychiatry
x-o-stas-is
the stopping of x
e.g. static
x-o-plast-y
the surgical repairing of x
e.g. plastic surgery
x-o-cent-es-is
the surgical puncturing of x
e.g. amniocentesis
x-orraph-y
the suturing of x
e.g. rhapsody
x-o-tom-y
the cutting of x
e.g. atom
x-ec-tom-y
the cutting out of x
e.g. tonsillectomy
x-o-stom-y
the making of an opening in x
e.g. stomach
x-ic-s
the science of x
e.g. physics
x-o-log-y
the study of x
e.g. biology
x-scop-y
the examination of x
e.g. telescopy
x-o-metry
the measurement of x
e.g. speedometer
x-o-graph-y
the recording of x
e.g. telegraphy
x-o-pex-y
the adhesion of x [diagnostic]
the fixation of x [therapeutic]
e.g. pectin
x-o-lys-is
the disintegration of x [diagnostic]
the separation of the adhesion of x [therapeutic]
e.g. electrolysis
x-o-trop-ism
the tendency to preferentially affect x [diagnostic or therapeutic]
e.g. tropical
“ec-“
out
“dys-“
bad, defective
“a”
lack of, without
x-o-phage
something which ingests x
e.g. sarcophage
x-o-tom-e
an instrument for cutting x
e.g. atom
x-ec-tom-e
an instrument for cutting out x
e.g. tonsillectomy
x-o-scope
an instrument for examining x
e.g. telescope
x-o-clast
something which breaks x
e.g. iconoclast
x-o-stat
something which stops x
e.g. thermostat
x-o-gen
a substance which produces x
e.g. gen
x-o-path
one with a disease of x
e.g. psychopath
x-o-graph
an instrument for recording x
e.g. telegraph
x-o-gram
a record of x
e.g. telegram
x-o-meter
an instrument for measuring x
e.g. speedometer
x-o-genic
producing x
adj
e.g. carcinogenic
x-o-genous
produced by x
adj
e.g. indigenous
x-o-trop-ic
preferentially affecting x
adj
e.g. tropical
x-us
(the/a) x
masculine
e.g. muc-us (slime)
x-a
(the/a) x
feminine
e.g. vertabr-a (a joint)
x-um
(the/a) x
neuter
e.g. crani-um (the skull)
x-on
(the/a) x
neuter
gangli-on (a knot)
x-(e)us
x-(e)a
x-(e)um
masculine, feminine and neuter respectively
all meaning pertaining to x
x-o-lith-ias-is
the abnormal presence of a calculus in(volving) x
x-o-gen-et-ic
pertaining to the production of x
e.g. genetic
NOTE: the noun “-s-is” can be changed to an adjective with the ending “-t-ic”
e.g. genesis is the production of x
x-o-stat-ic
pertaining to the stopping of x
e.g. static
x-edemat-ous
pertaining to the swelling of x
exception
x-o-spast-ic
pertaining to a spasm of x (exception)
x-ec-tat-ic
pertaining to the distention of x (as if from “x-ec-stas-is”) (exception)
x-o-pect-ic
pertaining to the adhesion/fixation of x (as if from “x-o-pecs-is”) (exception)
x-o-rrect-ic
pertaining to the rupturing of x (exception)
Endings with no particular meaning, but indicate that the word is a noun
- e
- is
- ism
- s
- y
-e
often means “an instrument for”
