Ch. 1 Intro to Medical Terminology Flashcards
-sclerosis
Abnormal condition of hardening
-ac
Pertaining to
-al
pertaining to
-algia
pain
-ar
pertaining to
-ary
pertaining to
-cele
herniation
-centesis
procedure suffix
surgical puncture (drainage)
-desis
Procedure Suffix
binding (fusion)
-dynia
pain
-eal
Pertaining to
-ectomy
Procedural Suffix
cutting out (destruction, resection, excision, or extirpation.
-emia
blood condition
-gnosis
state of knowledge
-graph
Instrument suffix
instrument to record
-graphy
Pathology suffix
recording
-ia
condition
-ic
Pertaining to
-icle
Noun ending suffix
Small, tiny
-is
Structure, thing
-itis
inflammation
-logy
Study of
-malacia
softening
-megaly
enlargement
-meter
Instrument Suffix
instrument to measure
-metry
Pathology Suffix
measuring
-ole
Small, tiny
-oma
tumor, mass
-opsy
Pathology
viewing
-osis
abnormal condition
-ous
Pertaining to
-pexy
Pathology Suffix
fixation, suspension (repair, reposition)
-plasty
Pathology suffix
surgically forming (alteration, dilation, repair, supplement, replacement)
-ptosis
Prolapse, drooping
-rrhage
Bursting forth
-rrhagia
Bursting forth
-rrhaphy
Pathology suffix
suturing (repair)
-rrhea
Discharge, flow
-rrhexis
Rupture
-scope
instrument to view
-scope
Instrument Suffix
instrument to view
-scopy
Pathology
viewing (inspection)
-spasm
Spasm, sudden and volunteering contraction
-stomy
Pathology
making a new opening (bypass, drainage)
-tome
Instrument suffix
instrument to cut
-tomy
Pathology Suffix
cutting (drainage, division)
-tripsy
Pathology Suffix
Crushing (destruction, fragmentation, occlusion)
-tripter
Instrument Suffix
machine to crush
-trite
Instrument suffix
instrument to crush
-ule
Small, tiny
-um
Structure, thing, membrane
-y
Condition, process of
a-
no, not, without
acronyms
abbreviations that are also pronounceable
Acu-
Sharp
Acute
Acu=sharp
abrupt, sever onset to disease
Adjective suffixes
Usually mean pertaining to
agastria
a-=without
gastr/o=stomach
-ia=condition
Condition of having no stomach
an-
no, not, without
ante-
forward, in front of, before
anti-
against
Approach
method of access to the procedure site
Arteriole
Arteri/o= artery
-ole= small
Small artery
arteriosclerosis
arteri/o=artery
-sclerosis=abnormal condition of hardening
abnormal condition of hardening of an artery
arthr/o
joint
arthralgia
arthr/o=join
-algia=pain
pain of a joint
also called arthrodynia
Asthma
Nontranslatable.
Greek meaning “panting”
a respiratory disorder characterized by recurring episodes of paroxysmal dyspnea (difficult breathing)
axes
type of service, sometimes the body system, body part, and specific procedures.
bi-
two
bi/o
living, life
biopsy
bi/o=living, life
-opsy=viewing
viewing living tissue
Break down: Bilingual
Bi=two
Lingu/o=tongue
-al=pertaining to
Pertaining to two languages
Break down: Glossary
Gloss/o=tongue
-ary=pertaining to
Pertaining to tongue =an alphabetical list of terms with definitions
Break down: Glossitis
Gloss/o=tongue
-itis=inflammation
Inflammation of the tongue
Break down: Sublingual
Sub=under
lingu/o=tongue
-al=pertaining to
Pertaining to under the tongue
C2
simple abbreviation
second cervical vertebra (second bone in neck)
CABG
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
acronym.
a detour around a blockage in an artery of the heart.
Cardi/o
Heart
Cardiac
Cardi=heart
Ac= pertaining to
Pertaining to the heart
cardiodynia
cardi/o=heart
-dynia=pain
pain in the heart
cephalagia
cephal/o=head
-alagia= pain
pain in the head
Cervical
Cervic= neck
-al= pertaining to
Pertaining to the neck
chondromalacia
chondr/o=cartilage
-malacia=softening
softening of the cartilage
Chron/o-
Time
Chronic
Chron/o=Time
Developing slowly and lasting for a long time
col/o
colon, large Intestine
colostomy
col/o=colon, large intestine
-stomy=making a new opening
making a new opening in the colon or large intestine
Combining Form is
word root with its respective combining vowel (usually an O, occasionally an E or I.
Coron
Heart, crown
Coronary
Coron= heart, crown
-Ary= pertaining to
Pertaining to the heart
cutane/o
skin
Cuticle
Cut=skin
-icle= small
Small skin surrounding the nail
cyst/o
bladder
cystocele
cyst/o=bladder, sac
-cele=herniation, protrusion
Herniation of the bladder
Dactyl/o
Digitus (fingers or toe)
Device
instrument that is used but is only specified when it remains after the procedure is completed.
dia-
through, complete
Diagnosis
Nontranslatable Term.
the disease or condition that is identified after a healthcare professional evaluates a patient’s signs, symptoms, and History.
if broken down
Dia=through, Complete
-gnosis=state of
Diagnosis=state of complete knowledge
Digitus
Finger, toe
dys-
abnormal, difficult, bad, painful
electrocardiograph
electr/o=electricity
cardi/o=heart
-graph=instrument to record
Instrument to record the electricity of the heart
end-
within
endo-
within
Endocardium
Endo=within
Cardi= heart
Um=structure
Structure within the heart
Eponyms
Terms that are named after a person or place associated with the term.
(Alzheimers disease, Achilles Tendon, Cesarean delivery, Portmanteau)
esophag/o
esophagus
Esophageal
Esophag=esophagus
-eal= pertaining to
Pertaining to the esophagus
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Esophag=esophagus
Gastr=stomach
Duoden=duodenum (small intestine)
Scopy=viewing
Viewing of the esophagus then the stomach and then the small intestine.
Etiology
-logy=study of
Study of cause
cause of a disease
gastr/o
stomach
gastroenteritis
gastr/o=stomach
enter/o=small intestine
-itis=inflammation
inflammation of the stomach and small intestine
gastrotomy
gastr/o=stomach
tomy=cutting
Incision of stomach
Gloss/o
Tongue
hepat/o
liver
hepat/o
liver
hepatitis
hepat/o=liver
-itis=inflammation
inflammation of the liver
hyper-
excessive, above
hyperlipidemia
hyper=excessive
lipid/o=fats
-emia=blood condition
hypo-
below, deficient
Hypodermic
Hypo=below
Derm= skin
-ic= pertaining to
Pertaining to below the skin
Hypodermis
Hypo=under
Derm=skin
Is=structure
Structure under the skin
inter-
between
Intra-
within
intra-
within
lingu/o
tongue
lith/o
stone
lithotripsy
lith/o=scope
-tripsy=crushing
crushing of stones
lithotripter
lith/o=stone
-tripter=machine to crush
machine to crush stone
lithotrite
lith/o=scope
-trite=instrument to crush
instrument to crush stone
mamm/o
breast
mammography
mamm/o=breast
-graphy= recording
recording the breast
Manifestation
an outward demonstration or perception.
signs and symptoms are manifestations of disease
Muscul
muscle
Name the 7 adjective suffixes that mean “pertaining to”
-ac. -eal. -ary
-al. -ic
-ar. -ous
nat/o
birth, born
neo-
new
neur/o
nerve
Noun ending Suffixes
Used most often to describe anatomical terms.
ophthalm/o
eye
ophthalmoscope
ophthalm/o=eye
-scope=instrument to view
instrument used to view the eye
oste/o
bone
oste/o
Bone
osteoma
oste/o=bone
-oma=tumor, mass
Tumor of a bone
osteotomy
oste/o=bone
-tomy=cutting
incision into the bone
ot/o
ear
otology
ot/o=ear
-logy=study of
Study of the ear
par-
near, beside
para-
near, beside, abnormal
patell/a
kneecap, patella
patellapexy
patell/a=kneecap, patella
-pexy=suspension, fixation
suspension of the kneecap
Pathology suffixes
Describe a disease process or a sign or symptom
per-
through
peri-
surrounding, around
phil/o
attraction
poly-
many, much, excessive, frequent
Polydactyly
Poly=many, much, excessive, frequent
Dactyl/o= digitus (finger or toes)
-y= condition, process of
Condition of excessive fingers or toes
post-
after, behind
pre-
before, in front of
Prefix is
word part that sometimes appears at the beginning of a term. Used to further define the absence, location, quantity, or state of a term.
Pro-
Before, in front of
Prognosis
Prediction of the probable outcome of a disease or disorder.
If broken down
Pro=Before, in front of
gnosis=state of knowledge
Prognosis=State of before knowledge
psych/o
mind
psychosis
psych/o=mind
-osis=abnormal condition
abnormal condition of the mind
Qualifier
any additional information particular to the procedure
rhin/o
nose
rhin/o
nose
rhinoplasty
rhin/o=nose
plasty=surgically forming
surgically forming the nose
rhinoplasty
rhin/o=nose
-plasty=surgically forming
surgically forming the nose
Root Operation
goal of the procedure
Section
broad categories that divide all of the procedures into one of 16 types.
Sequela
Nontranslatable.
Latin “to follow”
condition that results from an injury or disease. It is also referred to in coding as a “late effect”
This code follows the code for its cause
Sign
an objective finding of a disease state
(fever, rash, high blood pressure)
Simple Abbreviations
a combination of letters and sometimes numbers
(IM=intramuscular)
epi-
above, upon
spir/o
breathing
spirometry
spir/o=breathing
-metry=measuring
Measuring breathing
splen/o
spleen
splenomegaly
splen/o=spleen
-megaly= enlargement
enlargement of the spleen
splenorrhaphy
splen/o=spleen
-rrhaphy=suturing
suturing the spleen
Stenosis
Abnormal condition of narrowing
sub-
under
sub-=
under, below
Subcutaneous
Sub=under
Cutane=skin
-ous= pertaining to
Pertaining to under the skin
Suffix is
word part that appears at the end of a term. Used to indicate whether the term is an anatomic, pathologic, or procedural.
symbols
graphic representations of terms
Symptom
a subjective report of a disease
(pain, itching)
Syndrome
a group of signs and symptoms that consistently appear together
thermometer
therm/o=temperature, heat
-meter=instrument to view
instrument to measure temperature
tracheostenosis
trache/o=trachea, windpipe
-stenosis=abnormal condition of narrowing
abnormal condition of narrowing of the trachea of windpipe
trans-=
through, across
TURP
acronym
TransUrethral Resection of the Prostate
-a surgical procedure that removes the prostate through the urethra
Valvular
Valvul= valve
-ar= pertaining to
Pertaining to a valve
Venule
Ven/o= vein
-ule= small
Small vein
What are examples of Signs
Fever
Rash
High Blood Pressure
What are examples of Symptoms?
pain
itching
What are Nontranslatable Terms?
words used in medicine whose definitions must be memorized without the benefit of Greek and Latin word parts.
What is Cataract?
Non translatable term.
Greek meaning “Waterfall”
Medical meaning =progressive loss of transparency of the lens
What is CPT-4
5 digit multi -axial nomenclature
What is ICD-10-CM used for?
coding the diagnoses for both inpatient and outpatient procedures as well as for physician encounters.
What is ICD-10-PCS used for?
Code inpatient procedures while CPT-4 is used to code outpatient procedures and physician services.
What is ICD-10-PCS?
pcs volume is a multi axial (doesn’t describe just one but several characteristics)
7 character classification system that replaces ICD-9-CM
What is the CARD Method?
C=Check for the word parts in a term
A=Assign meanings to the word parts
R=Reverse the meaning of the suffix to the front of your definition
D=Define the term
What’s the difference between -malacia and -megaly?
-malacia= softening
-megaly=enlargement
What’s the difference between -rrhage, -rrhagia, -rrhea?
-rrhage=bursting forth
-rrhagia=bursting forth
-rrhea= discharge, flow
What’s the difference between sclerosis and stenosis?
Sclerosis =hardening
Stenosis =narrowing
Whats the difference between -ectomy, -stomy, and -tomy?
-ectomy=cutting out
-stomy=making a new opening
-tomy=cutting
Word Root is
Word Origin
arteri/o
artery
arthr/o
joint
bacteri/o
bacteria
cut/o
skin
cyst/o
bladder, sac
dent/i
tooth
derm
skin
