ch 1 and 2 test vocab Flashcards
what is matter
anything that has mass and takes up space
how is matter classified
into groups based on what makes it up ex: silver - element , sugar - compound, salad - mixture
what is an element
a substance that cant be broken down into a simpler substance by simple chemical means
what are elements made of
atoms
what is an atom
smallest part of an element that still has all the properties of an element
what are molecules
smallest unit of a substance that behaves like the substance (atoms bond together to form this)
what are compounds
substances that are made up of atoms of different elements; contain 2 or more elements combined chemically
what shows how many atoms of each element are in a molecule of the compound
chemical formula
what are used to indicate when there is more than one atom of an element present
subscripts
what are Infront of a chemical formula that indicate how many molecules are present
coefficients
what are pure substances
matter that has a fixed composition and definite properties (elements and compounds)
what are mixtures
combination of substances that aren’t chemically combined (jell-o)
what two ways can mixtures be classified as
homo or heterogeneous
what does homogeneous mean
parts of the mixtures are the same throughout
what does heterogeneous mean
parts of the mixtures are not evenly distributed
miscible meaning
able to be mixed
immiscible meaning
wont remain mixed, will be able to see layers
what are physical properties
characteristics that can be observed wo/ changing the identity of the substance
examples of phys. props.
shape, color, odor, texture, state (use senses), boiling pt, melting pt, strength, hardness, magnetism (measured)
what is density
physical property; measurement of how much matter is contained in a certain volume of a substance (not the same as weight)
what does 1 mL =
1 cm cubed
formula for desnity
mass/volume
formula for mass
density x volume
formula for volume
mass/ density
units for mass
g or kg (kg convert to g)
units for volume
liquid: mL or L (L convert to mL)
solid: cm cubed
units for density
liquid: g/mL
solid: g/cm cubed
what is a chemical property
how a substance changes into a new substance, either by combining with
other elements or by breaking apart into new
substances
examples of chem. props. and explain
flammability- ability to burn.
2. Nonflammability- inability to burn.
3. Reactivity- the capacity to combine with another
substance.
m: 0.196g
v: 150 mL
D=.0013g/mL cubed
D=22.42 g/cm cubed
v=42.8 cm cubed
m=959.58 g
D=0.50 g/cm cubed
v=87.3 cm cubed
m=43.65 g
D=3.51 g/cm cubed
m=4.2 g
v=1.20 cm cubed
v=10.0 cm cubed
m=69.6 g
D=6.96 g/cm cubed
D=21.45 g/cm cubed
m= 1.5 kg
v=69.93 cm cubed
social science
deals with nature
the sciences concerned with the study of inanimate natural objects, including physics, chemistry, astronomy, and related subjects
physical science
the branch of science dealing with the physical constitution of the earth and its atmosphere
earth science
science of matter and how it changes
chemistry; branch of physical science
science of forces and energy
physics; branch of physical science
study of the atmosphere and weather
meteorology; branch of earth science
physical nature + history of the earth
geology; branch of earth science
what is natural science
tries to understand how nature or the whole universe behaves
organized series of steps to solve a problem
scientific method
compares the values of items
bar graph
shows continuously changing data
line graph
shows all the parts of a whole
pie graph
method of reducing the # of zeros in a very big or very small number + expressing them as a power of 10
scientific notation
used by scientists to show the precision of a measurement
significant figures
effects 1 or more physical props. of a substance wo/changing the identity of the substance
physical change
happens when 1 or more substances are changed into entirely new substances that have different props/characteristics
chemical change
what are si units
International System Of Units (SI) is the metric system that is used universally as a standard for measurements
