CH 1 Anatomy of the Heart: Structure

Question 0

Lower chambers of the heart, thicker walled and pump blood away from the heart throughout the systemic circulation and to the myocardium

Answer 0

ventricle

Question 1

Upper Chamber of the heart, Thin walled, receive blood as it returns to the heart.

Answer 1

Atriums

Question 2

The atrioventricular groove that surrounds the outside of the heart and divides the atria from the ventricles

Answer 2

Coronary Sulcus

Question 3

The central section of the thorax ( chest cavity). Area that the heart and its large vessels are housed, lying in front of the spinal columm, behind the sternum, and between the lungs, also located here are the trachea, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes

Answer 3

Mediastinum

Question 4

Closed, two-layered sac that surrounds the heart

Answer 4

Pericardium

Question 5

The smooth outer surface of the heart

Answer 5

Epicardium

Question 6

The thick middle layer of the heart composed primarily of cardiac muscle cells and responsible for the heart’s ability to contract

Answer 6

Myocardium

Question 7

The innermost layer of the heart; composed of thin connective tissue

Answer 7

Endocardium

Question 8

Named for its three cusps; located between the right atrium and the right ventricle

Answer 8

Tricuspid valve

Question 9

Fine chords of dense connective tissue that attach to papillary muscles in the wall of the ventricles

Answer 9

Chordae tendineae

Question 10

Similar in structure to the tricuspid valve but with only two cusps and is located between the left atrium and left ventricle

Answer 10

Mitral ( or bicuspid valve)

Question 11

Serve to prevent the back flow of blood into the ventricles, each valve containing three semilunar ( or moon-shaped) cusps

Answer 11

Semilunar Valves

Question 12

Semilunar valve located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery

Answer 12

Pulmonic Valve

Question 13

Semilunar valve located between the left ventricle and the trunk of the aorta

Answer 13

Aortic Valve

Question 14

Thick walled and muscular blood vessels that function under high pressure to convey blood from the heart out to the rest of the body

Answer 14

Arteries

Question 15

(Arterial Wall) Innermost layer, connective and elastic type of tissue

Answer 15

Tunica Intima

Question 16

(Arterial Wall) Middle layer, Smooth muscle, Elastic, and Collagen Tissue

Answer 16

Tunica Media

Question 17

(Arterial Wall) Outer most Layer , Connective tissue type

Answer 17

Tunica Adventitia

Question 19

The two main arteries that arise from the trunk of the aorta and function to carry oxygenated blood throughout the myocardium

Answer 19

Coronary Arteries

Question 20

The process by which oxygenated blood is distributed blood is distributed throughout the heart muscle

Answer 20

Coronary Circulation

Question 21

( Also referred to as the Great Cardiac Vein) short trunk that serves to receive deoxygenated blood from the myocardium

Answer 21

Coronary Sinus

Question 22

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart operate under low pressure, and are relatively thin walled

Answer 22

Veins

Question 23

Drains blood from the head and neck

Answer 23

Superior Vena Cava

Question 24

Collects blood from the rest of the body

Answer 24

Inferior Vena Cava

Question 24

Movement through a course ( the body) that leads back to the initial point ( the heart )

Answer 24

Circulation

Question 25

Tiny blood vessels that allow for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste products between the blood and body tissue; “ connectors” between arteries and veins

Answer 25

Capillaries

Question 27

When blood leaves the heart through the right ventricle and travels in to the Pulmonary Artery to the lungs and back through the pulmonary vein to the left atrium

Answer 27

Pulmonary Circulation

Question 28

Refers to gas exchange within the alveolar capillary membranes in the lungs

Answer 28

Tissue Perfusion

Question 29

Circulation of blood as it leaves the left ventricle and travels through the arteries, and veins of the entire body system and back to the primary receptacle of the heart ( right atrium)

Answer 29

Systemic Circulation