Ch. 1 Flashcards
An information system has 3 dimensions working together. What are they?
- People
- Process
- Technology
What consists of Anthony’s triangle?
used in a convenient way to categorize and understand the purpose of different information systems in organizations
Strategic- executive information (EIS) for senior management decision making
Tactical- Management information systems (MIS) for decision making by middle management
Operational- Transaction processing (TPS) for daily transactions of the business.
What are several information system components that work together to add value to an organization?
(Technology Related)
- Hardware
- Software
- Data
(Roles)
- People
- Process
What is hardware?
Physical components
What is software?
Instructions that tell the physical components what to do
Two types of software?
- Operation systems-interacts with the hardware
2. Application software- interacts with the user
What is data?
Collection of facts
What are networks?
Allows transmission and sharing of data
What are People?
- To help support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and visualization
- Also know as users
- Person who uses and operates the computer or other machine
- All levels of the organization
- Can be your outside partners such as suppliers
What is Process?
- Collects, processes, stores, and disseminates information
- Series of steps to achieve a desired outcome
What is Technology?
Hardware, software, and networks that support the business processes and people
What are the benefits of Process?
- Increased productivity
- Better decision making ability
- Improved processes using available data (within the company and externally with suppliers and customers)
- Continuous improvement using technology
- Competitive advantage
When did these happen?
- Mainframes
- Manufacturing resource planning systems
1950-1960
When did these happen?
- First microcomputer (PC)
- Windows operating system
1970-1980
When did these happen?
- Client server
- Networking
- ERP
Mid 1980’s to early 1990’s
When did this happen?
- World wide web
Mid 1990’s to early 2000’s
When did these happen?
- Web 3.0 now
- Mobile computing
- Cloud computing
Post early 2000’s
Who posed the question “Does IT Matter?”
Nicholas Carr in the Harvard Business Review
What do “IT” stand for?
Information Technology
What was Nicholas Carr’s arguement behind the article of “Does IT Matter?” (2)
- Information technology has become a commodity
- Similar to a utility
- Cost of doing business, not an investment - What IT needs:
- Managed to reduce costs
- Ensure that it is always running
- Risk-free as possible
