Ch 1

Question 1

Define Statistics

Answer 1

the science of data

Question 2

What is data analysis?

Answer 2

the process of organizing, displaying, summarizing, and asking questions about data

Question 3

Individuals

Answer 3

objects described by a set of data

Question 4

Variable

Answer 4

any characteristic of an individual

Question 5

Categorical (qualitative) variable

Answer 5

places an individual into one of several groups or categories (doesn’t make sense to find an average)

Question 6

quantitative variable

Answer 6

takes numerical values for which it makes sense to find an average

Question 7

Would grade level be categorical or quantitative?

Answer 7

categorical

Question 8

Variables change or do not change?

Answer 8

variables change

Question 9

Distribution

Answer 9

graph (or table), tells us what values a variable takes and how often it takes those values

Question 10

inference

Answer 10

making a conclusion

Question 11

population is or is not a whole?

Answer 11

population is a whole

Question 12

Most common graph for categorical data?

Answer 12

pie chart and bar graph

Question 13

what does a two way table describe?

Answer 13

describes two categorical variables, organizing counts according to a row variable and a column variable

Question 14

Example of a two way table?

Answer 14

gender and richness chance charted

Question 15

Marginal distribution

Answer 15

the totals (usually in the margin)

Question 16

conditional distribution

Answer 16

percents (specific value)

Question 17

what to use when describing graphs?

Answer 17

SOCS

shape, outliers, center, and spread

Question 18

ex of shape

Answer 18

symmetric, skewed

Question 19

ex of center

Answer 19

mean, median (middle)

Question 20

ex of spread

Answer 20

standard deviation, IQR, range

Question 21

what does sigma mean?

Answer 21

add, sum of

Question 22

the mean is also what?

Answer 22

-

x , the average

Question 23

The mean is also known as the what?

Answer 23

balance point

Question 24

the ___ is sensitive to extreme values and is not resistant to extremes and/or outliers

Answer 24

mean

standard deviation

Question 25

the median also means what?

Answer 25

the middle number

Question 26

when a roughly symmetric distribution is presented, the median and mean are ____

Answer 26

close together

Question 27

when an exactly symmetric distribution is presented, the median and mean are ____

Answer 27

exactly the same

Question 28

when a skewed distribution is presented, the median and mean are ____

Answer 28

the mean is farther out in the long tail than is the median

Question 29

How to find the range?

Answer 29

highest # - lowest #

Question 30

what are quartiles?

Answer 30

“medians” of each half of the data

Question 31

how to find the interquartile range?

Answer 31

Q3-Q1

Question 32

standard deviation

Answer 32

typical distance from the mean

Question 33

varience

Answer 33

standard deviation squared

Question 34

5 number summary

Answer 34

(usually represented with a boxplot) max, min, first q, third q, and median

Question 35

How to use the 1.5 * IQR rule for outliers?

Answer 35

find IQR
multiple by 1.5
Q3 + ^ = what the outliers are
Q1 - ^^ = what the outliers are