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Health Science > Ch. 1-4 > Flashcards

Ch. 1-4 Flashcards

1
Q

hypo-

A

below normal/deficient

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2
Q

peri-

A

around/surrounding

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3
Q

ante-

A

before

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4
Q

caud/o

A

posterior

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5
Q

sub-

A

below/under

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6
Q

-oma

A

tumor/mass

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7
Q

-logist

A

specialist/one who studies

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8
Q

-gen

A

substance that produces

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9
Q

hyper-

A

above normal/excessive

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10
Q

-ostomy

A

surgical incision/opening

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11
Q

-algia

A

pain

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12
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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13
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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14
Q

tachy-

A

fast

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15
Q

viscero/o

A

internal organ

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16
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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17
Q

anti-

A

against

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18
Q

epi-

A

on/over/upon

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19
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal/excision

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20
Q

-tomy, -otomy

A

process of cutting

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21
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid

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22
Q

brady-

A

slow

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23
Q

-pathy

A

disease

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24
Q

abd

A

abdomen/abdominal

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25
Q

ER

A

emergency room

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26
Q

hs

A

half strength/bedtime

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27
Q

y/o

A

year(s) old

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28
Q

pt

A

patient

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29
Q

VS

A

vital signs

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30
Q

CBC

A

complete blood count

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31
Q

EKG/ECG

A

electrocardiogram

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32
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth

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33
Q

wt

A

weight

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34
Q

OR

A

operating room

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35
Q

WNL

A

within normal limits

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36
Q

c/o

A

complains of

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37
Q

ht

A

height

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38
Q

NKA

A

no known allergies

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39
Q

@

A

at

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40
Q

SOB

A

shortness of breath

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41
Q

STAT

A

immediately

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42
Q

transverse plane

A

cuts body into superior and inferior halves

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43
Q

coronal/frontal plane

A

cuts body into anterior and posterior halves

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44
Q

sagittal plane

A

cuts body into left and right unequal parts

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45
Q

midsagittal plane

A

cuts body into EQUAL left and right halves

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46
Q

anterior/ventral

A

front

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47
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

back

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48
Q

superior/cephalic

A

toward the head

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49
Q

inferior/caudal

A

toward the feet

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50
Q

distal

A

farther from the point of origin

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51
Q

proximal

A

closer to the point of origin

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52
Q

lateral

A

away from the midline of the body

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53
Q

midline

A

middle of the body

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54
Q

medial

A

closer to the midline of the body

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55
Q

universal position

A

standing, palms and toes forward AKA supine

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56
Q

Fowlers Position

A

prevents bedsores, head of bed elevated

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57
Q

Lateral Position

A

laying on left or right side, primarily to prevent aspiration or during labor to prevent pressure of inferior vena cava

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58
Q

Prone Position

A

prevents bedsores, lying flat with the face down, primarily during a massage

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59
Q

Supine Position

A

lying flat with face up, primarily for CT and MRIs

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60
Q

Sim’s Position

A

laying on left or right side, with one straight and the other flexed, primarily for rectal exams

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61
Q

Knee Chest Position

A

facedown, knees bent while resting on knees and chest, primarily for pelvic exams

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62
Q

Palpation

A

light/firm pressure on skin with hands to look for abnormalities

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63
Q

Acute Illness

A

rapid onset, short duration, curable illness

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64
Q

Chronic Illness

A

slowly onset, ebbs and flows, uncurable or long-term treatment illness

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65
Q

Metastasis

A

malignant tumor spreading through the body by destroying tissue

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66
Q

Congenital Disease

A

developmental disease present/developed in the womb, ex: cleft palate/lip

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67
Q

Convalescence

A

period of time where pt. is gradually recovering

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68
Q

Genetic Disease

A

gene abnormality/disease passed down from parents, ex: Down’s Syndrome or Cystic Fibrosis

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69
Q

Iatrogenic

A

condition/disease that is knowingly caused by the doctor

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70
Q

Idiopathic Disease

A

disease of unknown cause

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71
Q

-itis

A

inflammatory, disease/condition causing inflammation

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72
Q

Local Inflammation

A

inflammation caused by trauma

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73
Q

Global Inflammation

A

inflammation caused by infection

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74
Q

Ischemic

A

severely decreased/absence of blood flow to a certain area of the body

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75
Q

Neoplastic

A

new, abnormal growth; benign or malignant

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76
Q

Nosocomial

A

infection acquired in the hospital that was not present upon admission, ex: MRSA or pneumonia AKA Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI)

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77
Q

Opportunistic

A

pathogen that doesn’t normally cause an infection but does because of a compromised immune system

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78
Q

Terminal Condition

A

disease without a cure, priority shifts to comfort care

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79
Q

Signs

A

objective; doctors can see this

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80
Q

Symptoms

A

subjective; patients feel this

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81
Q

Immuno-compromised People

A

people who are very old, very young, and diabetics

82
Q

Autoimmune Disease

A

disease caused by the pts. immune system attacking an organ/body part

83
Q

derm/o-

84
Q

-esthesia

A

feeling/sensation

85
Q

lip/o

86
Q

-opsy

A

view of/viewing

87
Q

blephar/o

88
Q

xer/o

89
Q

pil/o

A

hair/hair follicle

90
Q

psor/o

91
Q

cyan/o

92
Q

cauter/o

93
Q

-osis

A

process/abnormal condition

94
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

95
Q

necr/o

96
Q

cry/o

97
Q

onchy/o

98
Q

jaund/o

99
Q

melan/o

100
Q

carcin/o

101
Q

-derma/-dermis

102
Q

albin/o

103
Q

prurit/o

104
Q

erythem/o

105
Q

ecchym/o

A

blood in tissue

106
Q

a-/an-

A

not/without

107
Q

Papule

A

solid elevation with distinct borders and ~1 cm in diameter AKA a pimple

108
Q

Macule

A

small, flat, discolored (brown/red) AKA a freckle

109
Q

Tinea

A

skin infection caused by fungus AKA ringworm or Athlete’s foot

110
Q

Pustule

A

small, infected skin elevation containing puss AKA abscess/whitehead

111
Q

Verruca

A

viral infection of the skin from the papilloma virus AKA wart

112
Q

Wheals/Urticaria

A

smooth, slightly swollen area that’s redder or
paler than surrounding skin AKA hives

113
Q

Sudoriferous gland

A

sweat gland

114
Q

Sebaceous gland

115
Q

fibro-

116
Q

cost/o

117
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow/spinal cord

118
Q

orth/o

119
Q

carp/o

120
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination by scope

121
Q

dys-

A

painful/difficult

122
Q

kines/o

123
Q

-gram

A

record/image

124
Q

arthr/o

125
Q

syn-

A

together/with

126
Q

fx

127
Q

BP

A

blood pressure

128
Q

LS

A

lumbosacral

129
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

130
Q

OTC

A

over-the-counter

131
Q

PFT

A

pulmonary function test

132
Q

lei/o

133
Q

my/o

134
Q

chondr/o

135
Q

crani/o

136
Q

narc/o

A

numbness/sleep/stupor

137
Q

-trophy

A

condition growth/development

138
Q

tax/o

A

coordination/order

139
Q

flex/o

140
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra/backbone

141
Q

pyret/o

142
Q

ped/o

143
Q

pod/o

144
Q

ORIF

A

open reduction and internal fixation

145
Q

NSAIDs

A

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; not very strong, over-the-counter, ex: Tylenol, Advil

146
Q

PO

147
Q

DTR

A

deep tendon reflex

148
Q

RICE

A

rest, ice, compress, elevate

149
Q

hemi-

150
Q

oste/o

151
Q

-spasm

A

muscle contraction

152
Q

acr/o

A

extremities

153
Q

brachi/o

154
Q

-penia

A

deficiency

155
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh/connective tissue

156
Q

neur/o

157
Q

-asthenia, -paresis

158
Q

-plegia

159
Q

-desis

A

to bind/tie together

160
Q

intra-

161
Q

inter-

162
Q

amb

A

ambulate/walk

163
Q

CFT

A

certified fitness trainer

164
Q

prn

165
Q

PT

A

physical therapist

166
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

167
Q

First Degree Burn

A

burn that affects only the epidermis

168
Q

Second Degree Burn

A

burn that affects the epidermis and dermis, causing hyperesthesia, erythema, blisters

169
Q

Third Degree Burn

A

burn that affects all layers of the skin, causing anesthesia/hyperesthesia and black, charred tissue

170
Q

Burn Treatment

A

removing damaged tissue and foreign debris to promote healing and replacing burnt tissue AKA Skin graft and debridement

171
Q

Eczema

A

autoimmune, skin lesions characterized by erythema, itchiness, and dermatitis

172
Q

Psoriasis

A

autoimmune, eczema on steroids, characterized by red, scaly, dry, itchy patches on skin

173
Q

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

an autoimmune condition of collagen in the skin, joints, and internal organs, can potentially be fatal

174
Q

Impetigo

A

bacterial infection that manifests as yellow crusts around the mouth, specifically in children

175
Q

Scabies

A

parasitic mite that feeds on skin

176
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma

A

skin cancer that grows slowly, rarely metastasizes, least malignant

177
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A

skin cancer of stratified squamous cells in the skin, middle-of-the-road cancer

178
Q

Malignant Melanoma

A

skin cancer that metastasizes aggressively, originating in the melanocytes

179
Q

Factors to Self-Diagnose Skin Cancer

A

Asymmetry, Borders, Color, Diameter, Evolution

180
Q

Needle Biopsy

A

diagnostic procedure where a hollow needle is placed inside the lesion to remove a core sample used to look for cancerous cells

181
Q

Mohs Surgery

A

surgical procedure that removes cancer by taking it off layer by layer

182
Q

Osteoarthritis (OA)

A

condition caused by cartilage degeneration, inflamed synovial fluid, or injury to a joint; progresses unilaterally and requires only an x-ray to diagnose

183
Q

Proprioception

A

brain telling muscles what to do in order to avoid reinjury, brain-body connection, specifically in regard to spacial awareness and movement

184
Q

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

A

autoimmune condition where the pts. own immune system causes inflammation in the joint; progresses bilaterally

185
Q

Steroids

A

medication that is much stronger than NSAIDs administered by shots, can be harmful if taken for an extended period of time, cannot be prescribed for RA

186
Q

Biologic

A

medication that cripples immune system, made from living organisms/their components to interfere in the process of inflammation

187
Q

Kyphosis

A

accentuated thoracic curve caused by osteoporosis

188
Q

Osteoporosis

A

chronic loss of bone density (calcium) in older pts. only

189
Q

Lordosis

A

exaggerated lumbar spine, especially prevalent in pregnant women

190
Q

Scoliosis

A

exaggerated/lateral curve of the thoracic and lumbar spine

191
Q

Harrington Rods Surgery

A

surgical procedure to treat scoliosis

192
Q

Computerized Tomography (CT)

A

imaging machine that utilizes a high-powered x-ray machine (HIGH RADIATION)

193
Q

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

A

imaging machine that provides extremely detailed imaging of internal structures

194
Q

Bone Scan

A

imaging machine that uses a radioactive tracer into pts. IV before a full body scan is taken in search of high metabolic areas, or areas of metastasis AKA Nuclear Medicine Imaging (NMI)

195
Q

Adhesion

A

scar tissue that develops in a muscle post-injury, abnormally binds to muscle/muscle fiber together

195
Q

Osteomyelitis

A

an infection eating away at bone, inflammation cause directly by a bug/infection/staph

196
Q

Quadriplegia

A

paralysis from the neck down

196
Q

Atrophy

A

wasting away/disintegration of muscle either due to non-use or pathology

197
Q

Paraplegia

A

paralysis from the waist down

198
Q

Impingement

A

inflammation in the rotator cuff

199
Q

Rotator Cuff

A

four muscles supporting the shoulder

200
Q

Plantar Fascitis

A

pain in the sole of the foot due to falling

Health Science (3 decks)

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