Ch. 1 Flashcards
- Describe the nature-nurture controversy.
Whether it was inborn or our environment that made us who we are
- Explain the philosophical ideas of the Christian doctrine of original sin, Jean-
Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke. How do they differ?
Original sin
Rousseau: original goodness
Locke: blank slate
- What is meant by the dynamic systems view?
Perpetually ongoing process, Conception to Death
Influences on development: Biological, Psychological, Social
- What is meant by the interactionist perspective?
The interplay between the person and the environment
- Define human development.
scientific
study of age-related change throughout
the lifespan
- Define resilience and vulnerabilities, and describe how they relate to the
interactionist perspective
Resilience-the ability to adapt effectively in the face of threats to development
- What is meant by the terms continuity and discontinuity, when applied to the
study of development?
Continuous: gradual/build on previous stage, quantitative
Discontinuous: distinct stages/steps, qualitative
- What is the normative approach to development? What researchers were
associated with it?
Hall
- What were Hall’s main contributions to the study of development?
Norms
- What were Gesell’s main contributions to the study of development?
Maturation
- What are the three domains of development? Describe them.
Physical
Cognitive
Social
- What are theories? Why are they important?
Theories that propose general statements to explain development
- What determines whether a theory is accepted or rejected?
It must be supported by scientific research
- Describe the scientific method.
Describe
Explain
Predict
Influence
What is the difference between a dependent and independent variable?
Dependent
*outcome
*expected to be influenced by the independent variable
Independent *experimenter changes
or manipulates
*expected to cause changes in another variable
Why do researchers use random assignment in experiments?
Researchers use unbiased procedure to assign participants to treatment conditions
What are the differences between sequential, longitudinal, and cross-sectional research designs?
Longitudinal- same group studied over long period of time
Cross-Sectional:different groups studied at the same time
Sequential:combines longitudinal and cross-sectional: several groups over a long period of time
Ethics boards have determined what the rights of study participants should be. What are they?
Protection from Harm
Informed Consent
Privacy
Knowledge of Results
Beneficial Treatments
