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AP Psych > Ch. 1-3 > Flashcards

Ch. 1-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Structuralism

A

introspection to reveal the structure of the mind

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2
Q

Functionalism

A

how mental and behavioral processes function; how they enable the organism to adapt, survive and function

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3
Q

Basic research

A

pure science that aims to inc. the scientific knowledge base

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4
Q

Applied research

A

Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems

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5
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

our tendency to integrate pieces of info into meaningful whole

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6
Q

psychodynamic osychology

A

Studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior ; use info to treat psych disorders

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7
Q

operational definition

A

a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study

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8
Q

longitudinal study

A

research that follows and retests people over time

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9
Q

cross sectional study

A

research that compares people of diff ages at the same point in time

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10
Q

illusory coorelation

A

perceiving a relationship where there is none

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11
Q

standard deviation

A

computed measure of how much scores vary around a mean

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12
Q

Sampling bias

A

flawed sampling that creates and unrepresentative sample

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13
Q

Inferential stats

A

numerical data that allows one to generalize - infer from the sample data how true it is for the population

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14
Q

descriptive stats

A

numerical data used to measure and describe characteristics of groups

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15
Q

achettylcholine

A

enables muscle action, learning, and memory

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16
Q

sympathetic ns

A

arouses the body, mobilizes energy

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17
Q

parasympathetic ns

A

calms the body, conserves energy

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18
Q

neural networks

A

clusters of neuron “work groups”

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19
Q

lesion

A

tissue destruction

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20
Q

electroencephalogram (eeg)

A

an amplified recording of waves of electrical activity in the brain; electrodes on the scalp

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21
Q

computed tomography (CT)

A

series of x-rays taken from diff angles and combined by a computer - bones and soft tissue

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22
Q

PET scan

A

a visual display of brain activity that detects where radioactive glucose is used in the brain

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23
Q

MRI

A

uses magnetic fields and radio waves to computer gen images of soft tissues

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24
Q

fMRI

A

reveals blood flow and therefore brain activity by comparing successive fMRI scans

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25
Q

Brainstem

A

oldest part of the brain - automatic survival function

26
Q

medulla

A

base of the brain stem - automatic survival function

27
Q

cerrebellum

A

process sensory input, coordinate movement output and balance; enable nonverbal learning and memory

28
Q

limbic system

A

associated with emotions and drives

29
Q

glial cells

A

support, nourish, and protect neurons

30
Q

antagonist

A

a molecule that inhibits or blocks a nts actiona

31
Q

agonist

A

a molecule that increases a nt’s action

32
Q

aphasia

A

impairment of language, usually caused by damage to left hemisphere

33
Q

corpus callosum

A

lrg band of neural tissue that connects the 2 hemispheres

34
Q

pons

A

connects signals that move from higher brain to lower brain

35
Q

midbrain

A

relay system - transmit vision and hearing info

36
Q

hindbrain

A

coordinate necessary survival functions

37
Q

forebrain

A

higher thought and logic

38
Q

terminal buttons

A

end of axon, send signal on to next neuron

39
Q

receptor sites

A

place on receiving neurons where nt’s bind

40
Q

phonemes

A

smallest distinctive sound unit

41
Q

gender-typing

A

the acquisition of traditional masc or fem roles

42
Q

social learning theory

A

the theory that we learn social behavior by observing and imitating

43
Q

gender schema theory

A

individuals pay more attention to info relevant to their own gender, store info in ways consistent with current schemas

44
Q

teratogens

A

chemicals or viruses that can reach and damage embryo or fetus

45
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

cell clusters in hypothalamus that controls curc rhythm; in response to light

46
Q

REM cycle

A

rapid eye movement sleep - muscles relaxed, but brain active

47
Q

REM rebound

A

tendency for REM sleep to inc following REM sleep dec

48
Q

Adaptive theory

A

periods of [in]activity evolved to conserve energy

49
Q

restorative theory

A

sleeps allows the body to repair

50
Q

EMG

A

recording electric activity of muscles

51
Q

EOG

A

assessment of eye function

52
Q

beta waves

A

high frequency, low amp - awake

53
Q

Alpha waves

A

medium-freq - restful and medatative stae

54
Q

Theta waves

A

state between sleep and wake

55
Q

Delta waves

A

slowest waves - restorative and healing sleep

56
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

physically act out vivid dreans

57
Q

manifest content

A

actual content of dreams

58
Q

latent content

A

underlying meaning of dreams

59
Q

activation synth

A

dreams caused by phys process of brain

60
Q
A

AP Psych (3 decks)

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