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Community Nutrition > Ch 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 > Flashcards

Ch 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 Flashcards

0
Q

Group definition

A

People located in a particular space that interact and have shared values and common characteristics

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1
Q

What differentiates community nutrition

A

Focus on groups rather than individuals

Focus on prevention of disease

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2
Q

Mandated fortification in US

A

1) refined grains - Fe, folic acid, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin
2) milk - vit D and A
3) salt - iodine

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3
Q

Difference between community nutrition and public health nutrition

A

Public health usually employed by gov and community nutrition usually work for a nonprofit

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4
Q

Def public health

A

Organized effort by society to protect, promote and restore people’s health through application of science, skills and organized effort

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5
Q

Science that public health is built on

A

Epidemiology

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6
Q

Def epidemiology

A

Study of disease in populations

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7
Q

WHO

A

Public health department for the world - part of UN

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8
Q

Three arenas of community nutrition

A

People
Policies
Programs

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9
Q

Challenges for community nutrition

A

1) increased diversity
2) increased demand for food and nut services
3) aging population
4) 21st century lifestyle (eg, spread out, transportation)
5) generational diversity
6) increased awareness of environmental issues
7) global challenges (eg, Ebola moves place to place)

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10
Q

USDA

A

United States Department of Agriculture

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11
Q

USDA purposes

A

1) grow as much food as possible and support farmers
2) take care of nutrition in US
- purposes in conflict in times of plenty

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12
Q

DHHS or HHS

A

dept of Health and Human Services

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13
Q

Purpose of DHHS

A

Health department for US - responsible for health of US

  • runs some programs for elderly
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14
Q

TEFAP

A

The Emergency Food Assistance Program

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15
Q

TEFAP run by, and function

A

Run by USDA

USDA buys food to keep food prices high for farmers - now food gets shipped to states and given to food banks, who in turn give to food pantries and soup kitchens

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16
Q

Food bank

A

Receives and warehouses food - does not give directly to people, but to food pantries and soup kitchens

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17
Q

Food pantry

A

Receives food from food bank and gives to people to take home and eat at home

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18
Q

Soup kitchen

A

Receives food from food banks and Steve’s people to eat the food at the soup kitchen

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19
Q

Who determines which people can get TEFAP food

A

States set requirements

Counties have to apply to get the food

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20
Q

Adjunctive eligibility

A

If you are in one government program you are automatically eligible for another - eg, automatically eligible for TEFAP if on Medicaid or food stamps

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21
Q

Amount of money spent on TEFAP last year

A

$318 million - $269 million on food and $49 million on admin

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22
Q

Largest food bank

A

Feeding America

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23
Q

CSA

A

Community supported agriculture - buy a share of farm and get a box of produce as long as food keeps coming

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24
Q

Number of languages spoken in the world

A

6500

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25
Q

Top 6 languages spoken in order

A 
Chinese (mandarin)
Spanish
English
Hindi
Arabic
Portuguese
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26
Q

SNAP

A

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program

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27
Q

Replaced the food stamp books

A

EBT - Electronic Benefits Transfer cards

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28
Q

Why Colorado changed to EBT?

A

Fraud - by people and by stores

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29
Q

How much money goes to stores every year from SNAP

A

$70 billion

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30
Q

Why are there 88 states for SNAP

A

50 states plus PR, Guam, US Virgin Islands, Samoa, DC, plus ITOs (Indian Tribal Organizations)

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31
Q

How does the government determine how much $ you get for SNAP?

A

Thrifty meal plan amount, less the income they decide you should be able to spend on food.

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32
Q

Who creates the thrifty meal plan?

A

USDA

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33
Q

How qualify for SNAP?

A
  • earn < 130% of the poverty level
  • stuff gets subtracted out - med expenses, spousal support - need to get you below 100%
  • then look at assets - state rules
  • must be a US citizen or legal immigrant
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34
Q

Who runs SNAP?

A

USDA, specifically Food and Nutrition Service

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35
Q

What is a land grant school?

A

Government gave land to a school in every state which is the agricultural school of the state

  • where premier nutrition program is located
  • must form cooperative extension program to pass on the knowledge to the people of the state
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36
Q

Payoff for every $1 gov puts into SNAP?

A

$1.83 in economic activity

37
Q

Policy def

A

Course of action by public officials to address a problem (or inaction of not addressing problem)

38
Q

Problem def

A

Significant gap between current reality and desired state of affairs

39
Q

Three branches of gov

A

Executive - president and everyone who works for him

Legislative - congress

Judicial - courts

40
Q

Def “street level bureaucrat”

A

Gov official that has contact with people and can make policy even though unofficial

41
Q

Steps to making policy

A

1) problem definition and agenda setting
2) formulating alternatives
3) policy adoption
4) policy implementation
5) policy evaluation
6) policy termination

42
Q

How many executive departments

A

15

43
Q

Secretary of USDA

A

Thomas Vilsack

44
Q

Secretary of DHHS

A

Silvia Burwell

45
Q

Name of Surgeon General

A

Vivek Murthy

46
Q

Departments of interest under USDA

A

Food and Nutrition Service

Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion

47
Q

Departments of interest under DHHS

A 
CDC
FDA
National Institutes of Health
Indian Health Services
Administration on Aging
Medicare/Medicaid
48
Q

Jobs of Surgeon General

A

To know latest science and speak out on it

To run the US Public Health Service Commission Corps

49
Q

Docs that contain Rules of Fed Gov

A

CFR - Code of Federal Regulations

FR - Federal Register

50
Q

How many are in House of Representatives

A

435

Tradition because that is how many seats there are

51
Q

Term of Representative

A

2 years

52
Q

How many Representatives per state?

A

Depends on population - changes every 10 yrs based on census

53
Q

How many representatives do you vote for?

A

One - based on which district you live in

54
Q

How many senators are there?

A

100

55
Q

How many senators from each state?

A

2

56
Q

What is the term for a senator?

A

6 years - staggered so 1/3 up for reelection every 2 years

57
Q

How long is a session of congress

A

2 years - until election

58
Q

How many senators do you vote for?

A

2

59
Q

Colorado’s senators

A

Cory Gardiner

Michael Bennett

60
Q

Who can sponsor a bill?

A

Only congress person

61
Q

What are the two kinds of laws

A

Laws that create policies

Appropriations

62
Q

When does the federal year start

A

Oct 1

Named for the next calendar year

63
Q

What happens if Congress doesn’t pass the budget

A

No appropriations to fund government and could shut down

64
Q

Continuing resolution

A

What Congress passes to continue running gov on previous budget until they pass the new budget - can be for any length of time

65
Q

How can a store qualify to take SNAP benefits

A

Either

1) 51% of sales are SNAP eligible food

Or

2) have to sell 3 different foods from fruit/veg, dairy, meat/poultry/fish and grains - two of the groups must have at least 3 foods that are perishable

66
Q

What is a PAC

A

Political Action Committee

  • raise money to donate to politicians’ campaigns
67
Q

Lobbyists function

A

To present info to politicians to try to sway them to vote a certain way

68
Q

Evidence that we have a national nutrition agenda

A
  • gov pays for more than 50% healthcare even before ACA
  • gov subsidizes insurance because premiums are pretax
  • ## fortify food
69
Q

What is US national health policy called?

A

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

70
Q

Who puts out Dietary Guidelines and how often

A

USDA and DHHS - every 5 years

71
Q

Who puts out MyPlate and what is its purpose?

A

USDA - purpose is to make technical mess of Dietary Guidelines understandable

72
Q

Who creates DRIs

A

Not the gov but a subgroup go the National Academies called the Institute of Medicine - group of scientists

73
Q

Nutrition monitoring is

A

Nutrition info collected occasionally from public

74
Q

Nutrition surveillance

A

Nutrition info collected continuously from public

75
Q

NHANES stands for

A

National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

76
Q

MEC stands for

A

Mobile Examination Centers (part of NHANES)

77
Q

Subset of NHANES that you can get data from online

A

What We Eat in America

78
Q

Who runs What We Eat in America Survey and who analyzes it

A

DHHS runs it and USDA analyzes

79
Q

BRFSS stands for

A

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

80
Q

Who runs BRFSS?

A

CDC (DHHS)

81
Q

YRBS

A

Youth Rish Behavior Surveillance System

  • kid version of BRFSS - 9-12th grades
  • objective (weigh and measure) and subjective questions
  • done every 2 years
82
Q

PRAMS

A

Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System

83
Q

Total Diet Study is

A

Four times per year 234 foods get shipped to a US laboratory and scientists analyze the food to see what is in it - looking for vitamins, minerals and toxins

84
Q

Food disappearance data

A

Detailed records of a country’s food production, imports, exports

Production - exports - industrial uses - animal uses + imports = total

85
Q

How to do a community needs assessment

A

1) define problem
2) set parameters
3) collect data - community, background, individuals
4) analyze/interpret data
5) share findings
6) set priorities
7) choose action plan

86
Q

Def of goals

A

Broad statements about something you want to do

87
Q

Def objectives

A

Something you can actually measure

88
Q

All good objectives need

A

Baseline data
Reliable data source
Target level
Timeline

89
Q

Who to talk to when collecting data

A

Key informants - not affected but have knowledge

Stakeholders - those affected

90
Q

GIS

A

Geographic Information System - all public data feeding into one place

Community Nutrition (4 decks)

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