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Community Nutrition > Ch 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 > Flashcards

Ch 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 Flashcards

0
Q

Group definition

A

People located in a particular space that interact and have shared values and common characteristics

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1
Q

What differentiates community nutrition

A

Focus on groups rather than individuals

Focus on prevention of disease

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2
Q

Mandated fortification in US

A

1) refined grains - Fe, folic acid, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin
2) milk - vit D and A
3) salt - iodine

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3
Q

Difference between community nutrition and public health nutrition

A

Public health usually employed by gov and community nutrition usually work for a nonprofit

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4
Q

Def public health

A

Organized effort by society to protect, promote and restore people’s health through application of science, skills and organized effort

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5
Q

Science that public health is built on

A

Epidemiology

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6
Q

Def epidemiology

A

Study of disease in populations

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7
Q

WHO

A

Public health department for the world - part of UN

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8
Q

Three arenas of community nutrition

A

People
Policies
Programs

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9
Q

Challenges for community nutrition

A

1) increased diversity
2) increased demand for food and nut services
3) aging population
4) 21st century lifestyle (eg, spread out, transportation)
5) generational diversity
6) increased awareness of environmental issues
7) global challenges (eg, Ebola moves place to place)

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10
Q

USDA

A

United States Department of Agriculture

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11
Q

USDA purposes

A

1) grow as much food as possible and support farmers
2) take care of nutrition in US
- purposes in conflict in times of plenty

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12
Q

DHHS or HHS

A

dept of Health and Human Services

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13
Q

Purpose of DHHS

A

Health department for US - responsible for health of US

  • runs some programs for elderly
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14
Q

TEFAP

A

The Emergency Food Assistance Program

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15
Q

TEFAP run by, and function

A

Run by USDA

USDA buys food to keep food prices high for farmers - now food gets shipped to states and given to food banks, who in turn give to food pantries and soup kitchens

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16
Q

Food bank

A

Receives and warehouses food - does not give directly to people, but to food pantries and soup kitchens

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17
Q

Food pantry

A

Receives food from food bank and gives to people to take home and eat at home

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18
Q

Soup kitchen

A

Receives food from food banks and Steve’s people to eat the food at the soup kitchen

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19
Q

Who determines which people can get TEFAP food

A

States set requirements

Counties have to apply to get the food

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20
Q

Adjunctive eligibility

A

If you are in one government program you are automatically eligible for another - eg, automatically eligible for TEFAP if on Medicaid or food stamps

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21
Q

Amount of money spent on TEFAP last year

A

$318 million - $269 million on food and $49 million on admin

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22
Q

Largest food bank

A

Feeding America

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23
Q

CSA

A

Community supported agriculture - buy a share of farm and get a box of produce as long as food keeps coming

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24
Number of languages spoken in the world
6500
25
Top 6 languages spoken in order
``` Chinese (mandarin) Spanish English Hindi Arabic Portuguese ```
26
SNAP
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
27
Replaced the food stamp books
EBT - Electronic Benefits Transfer cards
28
Why Colorado changed to EBT?
Fraud - by people and by stores
29
How much money goes to stores every year from SNAP
$70 billion
30
Why are there 88 states for SNAP
50 states plus PR, Guam, US Virgin Islands, Samoa, DC, plus ITOs (Indian Tribal Organizations)
31
How does the government determine how much $ you get for SNAP?
Thrifty meal plan amount, less the income they decide you should be able to spend on food.
32
Who creates the thrifty meal plan?
USDA
33
How qualify for SNAP?
- earn < 130% of the poverty level - stuff gets subtracted out - med expenses, spousal support - need to get you below 100% - then look at assets - state rules - must be a US citizen or legal immigrant
34
Who runs SNAP?
USDA, specifically Food and Nutrition Service
35
What is a land grant school?
Government gave land to a school in every state which is the agricultural school of the state - where premier nutrition program is located - must form cooperative extension program to pass on the knowledge to the people of the state
36
Payoff for every $1 gov puts into SNAP?
$1.83 in economic activity
37
Policy def
Course of action by public officials to address a problem (or inaction of not addressing problem)
38
Problem def
Significant gap between current reality and desired state of affairs
39
Three branches of gov
Executive - president and everyone who works for him Legislative - congress Judicial - courts
40
Def "street level bureaucrat"
Gov official that has contact with people and can make policy even though unofficial
41
Steps to making policy
1) problem definition and agenda setting 2) formulating alternatives 3) policy adoption 4) policy implementation 5) policy evaluation 6) policy termination
42
How many executive departments
15
43
Secretary of USDA
Thomas Vilsack
44
Secretary of DHHS
Silvia Burwell
45
Name of Surgeon General
Vivek Murthy
46
Departments of interest under USDA
Food and Nutrition Service Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion
47
Departments of interest under DHHS
``` CDC FDA National Institutes of Health Indian Health Services Administration on Aging Medicare/Medicaid ```
48
Jobs of Surgeon General
To know latest science and speak out on it To run the US Public Health Service Commission Corps
49
Docs that contain Rules of Fed Gov
CFR - Code of Federal Regulations FR - Federal Register
50
How many are in House of Representatives
435 Tradition because that is how many seats there are
51
Term of Representative
2 years
52
How many Representatives per state?
Depends on population - changes every 10 yrs based on census
53
How many representatives do you vote for?
One - based on which district you live in
54
How many senators are there?
100
55
How many senators from each state?
2
56
What is the term for a senator?
6 years - staggered so 1/3 up for reelection every 2 years
57
How long is a session of congress
2 years - until election
58
How many senators do you vote for?
2
59
Colorado's senators
Cory Gardiner | Michael Bennett
60
Who can sponsor a bill?
Only congress person
61
What are the two kinds of laws
Laws that create policies Appropriations
62
When does the federal year start
Oct 1 Named for the next calendar year
63
What happens if Congress doesn't pass the budget
No appropriations to fund government and could shut down
64
Continuing resolution
What Congress passes to continue running gov on previous budget until they pass the new budget - can be for any length of time
65
How can a store qualify to take SNAP benefits
Either 1) 51% of sales are SNAP eligible food Or 2) have to sell 3 different foods from fruit/veg, dairy, meat/poultry/fish and grains - two of the groups must have at least 3 foods that are perishable
66
What is a PAC
Political Action Committee - raise money to donate to politicians' campaigns
67
Lobbyists function
To present info to politicians to try to sway them to vote a certain way
68
Evidence that we have a national nutrition agenda
- gov pays for more than 50% healthcare even before ACA - gov subsidizes insurance because premiums are pretax - fortify food -
69
What is US national health policy called?
Dietary Guidelines for Americans
70
Who puts out Dietary Guidelines and how often
USDA and DHHS - every 5 years
71
Who puts out MyPlate and what is its purpose?
USDA - purpose is to make technical mess of Dietary Guidelines understandable
72
Who creates DRIs
Not the gov but a subgroup go the National Academies called the Institute of Medicine - group of scientists
73
Nutrition monitoring is
Nutrition info collected occasionally from public
74
Nutrition surveillance
Nutrition info collected continuously from public
75
NHANES stands for
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
76
MEC stands for
Mobile Examination Centers (part of NHANES)
77
Subset of NHANES that you can get data from online
What We Eat in America
78
Who runs What We Eat in America Survey and who analyzes it
DHHS runs it and USDA analyzes
79
BRFSS stands for
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
80
Who runs BRFSS?
CDC (DHHS)
81
YRBS
Youth Rish Behavior Surveillance System - kid version of BRFSS - 9-12th grades - objective (weigh and measure) and subjective questions - done every 2 years
82
PRAMS
Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System
83
Total Diet Study is
Four times per year 234 foods get shipped to a US laboratory and scientists analyze the food to see what is in it - looking for vitamins, minerals and toxins
84
Food disappearance data
Detailed records of a country's food production, imports, exports Production - exports - industrial uses - animal uses + imports = total
85
How to do a community needs assessment
1) define problem 2) set parameters 3) collect data - community, background, individuals 4) analyze/interpret data 5) share findings 6) set priorities 7) choose action plan
86
Def of goals
Broad statements about something you want to do
87
Def objectives
Something you can actually measure
88
All good objectives need
Baseline data Reliable data source Target level Timeline
89
Who to talk to when collecting data
Key informants - not affected but have knowledge Stakeholders - those affected
90
GIS
Geographic Information System - all public data feeding into one place

Community Nutrition (4 decks)

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