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Medical Terminology > Ch. 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Ch. 1 & 2 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

gives the essential meaning of the term

A

root

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2
Q

the word ending

A

suffix

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3
Q

a small part added to the beginning of a term

A

prefix

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4
Q

connects roots to suffixes and roots to other roots

A

combining vowel

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5
Q

the combination of the root and the combining vowel

A

combining form

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6
Q

aden/o

A

gland

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7
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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8
Q

bi/o

A

life

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9
Q

-oma

A

tumor or mass

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10
Q

-opsy

A

(process of) viewing

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11
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer

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12
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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13
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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14
Q

-vascular

A

pertaining to blood vessels

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15
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum

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16
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

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17
Q

-scope

A

instrument to visually examine

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18
Q

cyt/o

A

cell

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19
Q

derm/o

A

skin

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20
Q

dermat/o

A

skin

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21
Q

electr/o

A

electricity

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22
Q

-gram

A

record

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23
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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24
Q

enter/o

A

intestines or small intestine

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25
Q

colon/o

A

large intestine

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26
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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27
Q

gastr/o

A

stomach

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28
Q

gnos/o

A

knowledge

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29
Q

shows the urinary bladder and urinary tract

A

cystoscope

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30
Q

can be passed through the mouth, throat, and esophagus into the stomach

A

gastroscope

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31
Q

-sis

A

state of

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32
Q

dia-

A

complete

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33
Q

the complete knowledge gained after testing and examining the patient

A

diagnosis

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34
Q

pro-

A

before, forward

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35
Q

a prediction that is made after the diagnosis and forecasts the outcome of treatment

A

prognosis

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36
Q

gynec/o

A

women, female

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37
Q

hem/o, hemat/o

A

blood

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38
Q

-globin

A

protein

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39
Q

the protein in RBCs that helps carry oxygen in the body

A

hemoglobin

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40
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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41
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

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42
Q

-tomy

A

cutting into

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43
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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44
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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45
Q

-ectomy

A

cutting out an organ or other part of the body

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46
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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47
Q

onc/o

A

tumor / cancerous

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48
Q

-ist

A

specialist

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49
Q

ophthalm/o

A

eye

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50
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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51
Q

degenerative changes with thinning and loss of cartilage, inflammation of the joint membrane occurs late in the disease

A

osteoarthritis

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52
Q

path/o

A

disease

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53
Q

a medical doctor who views biopsy samples to make a diagnosis and examines dead bodies to determine the cause of death

A

pathologist

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54
Q

aut-

A

self

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55
Q

psych/o

A

mind

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56
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

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57
Q

unreal sensory perceptions, such as hearing voices when none are present

A

hallucinations

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58
Q

fixed, false beliefs that can’t be changed by logical reasoning

A

delusions

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59
Q

ren/o

A

kidney

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60
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

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61
Q

sarc/o

A

flesh

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62
Q

malignant tumors from the connective tissues of the body, such as muscle, fat, bone, and cartilage

A

sarcoma

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63
Q

malignant tumors that come from skin tissue and the linings of internal organs

A

carcinoma

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64
Q

thromb/o

A

clotting

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65
Q

a small cell that helps blood to clot

A

thrombocyte/platelet

66
Q

a blood clot that occurs when thrombocytes and other clotting factors combine

A

thrombus

67
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

68
Q

-algia

A

pain

69
Q

-emia

A

blood condition

70
Q

-ia

A

condition

71
Q

an x-ray record of a joint

A

arthrogram

72
Q

-ism

A

condition, process

73
Q

an increase in number of normal WBCs as a response to infection

A

leukocytosis

74
Q

study of the heart

A

cardiology

75
Q

study of the skin

A

dermatology

76
Q

study of the endocrine glands

A

endocrinology

77
Q

study of the stomach and intestines

A

gastroenterology

78
Q

study of women and women’s diseases

A

gynecology

79
Q

study of the blood

A

hematology

80
Q

study of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord

A

neurology

81
Q

study of tumors

A

oncology

82
Q

study of the eye

A

ophthalmology

83
Q

study of disease

A

pathology

84
Q

study of the mind and mental disorders

A

psychology

85
Q

study of joint diseases

A

rheumatology

86
Q

study of the urinary tract

A

urology

87
Q

a-, an-

A

no, not

88
Q

dys-

A

bad, painful, difficult, abnormal

89
Q

endo-

A

within

90
Q

epi-

A

above, upon, on

91
Q

exo-

A

outside

92
Q

hyper-

A

excessive

93
Q

hypo-

A

below normal

94
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

95
Q

glyc/o

A

sugar

96
Q

mellitus

A

sweet

97
Q

too much insulin in the bloodstream

A

hypoglycemia

98
Q

pan-

A

all

99
Q

a disease that spreads all throughout the world

A

pandemic

100
Q

disease that has spread to many people, but within a limited or confined area

A

epidemic

101
Q

re-

A

back

102
Q

-section

A

cutting into an organ

103
Q

removing some or all of an organ in the sense of cutting back or away

A

resection

104
Q

retro-

A

behind

105
Q

sub-

A

below, under

106
Q

trans-

A

across, through

107
Q

abdomin/o

A

abdomen

108
Q

anter/o

A

front

109
Q

bronch/o

A

bronchial tubes - leading from the windpipe to the lungs

110
Q

anterior

A

front side

111
Q

posterior

A

back side

112
Q

inferior

A

below

113
Q

superior

A

above

114
Q

lateral

A

side

115
Q

medial

A

middle

116
Q

distal

A

far

117
Q

proximal

A

near

118
Q

deep

A

away from the surface

119
Q

superficial

A

on the surface

120
Q

supine

A

facing up

121
Q

prone

A

facing down

122
Q

cervic/o

A

neck of the body

123
Q

cervix

A

neck of the uterus

124
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

125
Q

a benign tumor of cartilage

A

chondroma

126
Q

a malignant tumor of cartilage

A

chondrosarcoma

127
Q

coccyg/o

A

tailbone

128
Q

crani/o

A

skull

129
Q

epitheli/o

A

skin, surface tissue

130
Q

esophag/o

A

esophagus

131
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx

132
Q

what is the larynx?

A

voice box

133
Q

later/o

A

side

134
Q

lumb/o

A

loin / waist

135
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

136
Q

clear fluid in tissue spaces and lymph vessels

A

lymph

137
Q

mediastin/o

A

mediastinum

138
Q

space between the lungs

A

mediastinum

139
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

140
Q

peritone/o

A

peritoneum

141
Q

membrane surrounding the abdominal organs

A

peritoneum

142
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx

143
Q

what is the pharynx?

A

throat

144
Q

passageway for food from the mouth and air from the nose

A

pharynx

145
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

146
Q

radi/o

A

x-rays

147
Q

sacr/o

A

sacrum

148
Q

thorac/o

A

chest

149
Q

trache/o

A

trachea

150
Q

what is the trachea?

A

windpipe

151
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

152
Q

what is the vertebra?

A

backbone

153
Q

the space between the pleural membranes

A

pleural cavity

154
Q

large area between the lungs

A

mediastinum

155
Q

the space below the thoracic cavity

A

abdominal cavity

156
Q

the muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities

A

diaphragm

157
Q

a long row of bones from the neck to the tailbone

A

spinal column

158
Q

the plane that divides the body, or body part, into front and back portions

A

frontal (coronal) plane

159
Q

the plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides

A

sagittal (lateral) plane

160
Q

a plane that divides the body or organ into upper and lower portions

A

transverse (axial) plane

161
Q

magnetic waves used to create images, showing organs in specialized detail and in all three planes of the body

A

MRI

Medical Terminology (4 decks)

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