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Medical Terminology > Appendix 1 > Flashcards

Appendix 1 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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2
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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3
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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4
Q

arteriol/o

A

arteriole

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5
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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6
Q

coron/o

A

heart

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7
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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8
Q

ven/o

A

vein

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9
Q

venul/o

A

venule

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10
Q

local widening of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall or breakdown of the wall from atherosclerosis

A

aneurysm

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11
Q

chest pain caused by decreased blood flow to the heart muscle

A

angina

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12
Q

what is angina also known as?

A

angina pectoris

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13
Q

abnormal heartbeat (rhythm)

A

arrhythmia

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14
Q

2 examples of arrhythmias

A

fibrillation
flutter

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15
Q

hardening of arteries with a collection of cholesterol-like plaque

A

atherosclerosis

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16
Q

inability of the heart to pump its required amount of blood

A

congestive heart failure

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17
Q

when blood accumulates in the lungs due to CHF

A

pulmonary edema

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18
Q

high blood pressure

A

hypertension

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19
Q

heart attack is also known as …

A

myocardial infarction

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20
Q

an area of dead/necrotic tissue

A

infarct

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21
Q

group of signs and symptoms - pale skin, weak/rapid pulse, shallow breathing - indicating poor oxygen supply to tissues and insufficient return of blood to the heart

A

shock

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22
Q

recording (via xray images) blood vessels after the injection of contrast into the bloodstream

A

angiography

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23
Q

introducing a catheter into coronary blood vessels to measure pressure and flow patterns of blood

A

cardiac catheterization

24
Q

measurements of enzymes released into the bloodstream after a heart attack

A

cardiac enzyme test

25
Q

measuring blood flow in vessels via sound waves

A

doppler ultrasound

26
Q

images of the heart are produced using sound waves

A

echocardiography

27
Q

recording electricity flowing through the heart

A

electrocardiography

28
Q

detection of abnormal heart rhythms that involves having a patient wear a compact version of an electrocardiograph for 24 hours

A

holter monitoring

29
Q

measurements of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood

A

lipid tests

30
Q

measurements of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood

A

lipoprotein tests

31
Q

producing an image by beaming magnetic waves at the heart, that gives detailed information about congenital heart disease, cardiac masses, and disease within large blood vessels

A

MRI

32
Q

imaging the motion of heart wall muscles and assessing the function of the heart via a multiple-gated acquisition scan, which uses radioactive chemicals

A

MUGA scan

33
Q

radioactive chemicals, which release radioactive particles, are injected into the bloodstream and travel to the heart. cross-sectional images show the flow of blood and the functional activity of the heart muscle

A

PET scan

34
Q

an electrocardiogram + BP and heart rate measurements shows the heart’s response to physical exertion (treadmill)

A

stress test

35
Q

A radioactive pharmaceutical is injected intravenously to show perfusion (flow) of blood in heart muscle. It is taken up in the area of a myocardial infarction, producing “hot spots.”

A

Technetium Tc 99m sestamibi scan

36
Q

A radioactive test that shows where injected thallium-201(a radioactive substance) localizes in heart muscle.

A

Thallium-201 scan

37
Q

Flexible tube is threaded through blood vessels into the heart to destroy (ablate) abnormal tissue that causes arrhythmias.

A

Cardiac catheter ablation

38
Q

Brief discharges of electricity passing across the chest to stop a cardiac arrhythmia. Also called defibrillation.

A

Cardioversion

39
Q

Vessels taken from the patient’s legs or chest are connected to coronary arteries to make detours around blockages.

A

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

40
Q

Surgical removal of the innermost lining of an artery to remove fatty deposits and clots.

A

Endarterectomy

41
Q

A donor heart is transferred to a recipient.

A

Heart transplantation

42
Q

A balloon-tipped catheter (a flexible, tubular instrument) is threaded into a coronary artery to compress fatty deposits and open the artery.

A

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

43
Q

(expandable slotted tubes) create wider openings that make the recurrence of blockages less likely. Also called balloon angioplasty.

A

Stents

44
Q

Drugs such as tPA (tissue plasminogen activator) and streptokinase are injected into a patient’s bloodstream to dissolve clots that may cause a heart attack.

A

Thrombolytic therapy

45
Q

AAA

A

Abdominal aortic aneurysm

46
Q

ACS

A

Acute coronary syndrome

47
Q

disease changes in coronary arteries leading to plaque/clot formation and heart attack or other heart problems

A

Acute coronary syndrome

48
Q

AED

A

Automated external defibrillator

49
Q

electronic device that can diagnose and treat serious arrhythmias

A

Automated external defibrillator

50
Q

AMI

A

Acute myocardial infarction

51
Q

CAD

A

Coronary artery disease

52
Q

CCU

A

Coronary care unit

53
Q

CPR

A

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

54
Q

ICD

A

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator

55
Q

combination of fat and protein; high cholesterol content and associated with formation of plaque in arteries

A

Low-density lipoprotein

56
Q

PCI

A

Percutaneous coronary intervention

Medical Terminology (4 decks)

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