Ch. 1 Flashcards
What are some indications for PFTs?
• Diagnosis
• Screening
• Monitoring
• Effects of chemicals or toxic medications
What do PFTs measure?
• flow of air in and out of lung
• gold standard for diagnosing obstructive lung diseases
• Lung volumes
What is the GOLD standard for diagnosing obstructive disorders?
- Determine severity of COPD and progress
- Measure response to bronchodilators
- Assess risk of pulmonary disease
What is listed under diagnosis?
Whether disease is restrictive or obstructive
What is listed under screening?
To assess symptoms (dyspnea, coughing, wheezing)
Risk for lung disease
Pre- Op
What is listed under monitoring?
The effectiveness of medication and therapy (response to bronchodilators) progression of disease (COPD)
What is listed under effectiveness of chemicals and toxic meds?
- Mosaic
- Firefighters
- Meds (Amiodorone)
What are we monitoring for lung volumes?
Amount of air in lungs at diff. phases of respiratory cycle.
Most commonly used for diagnosing and assessing RESTRICTIVE lung disorders.
What are the 4 categories?
- Obstructive Lung disease
- Restrictive lung disease
- Mixed or combined lung disease
- Pulmonary vascular disease
What is an ex. of an obstructive lung disease?
COPD
What is an example of restrictive lung disease?
• interstitial
• extrastitial
• chest wall pathology
• neuromuscular disease
What is an ex. of a pulmonary vascular disease?
Pulmonary HTN
What are the diff. types of PFTs?
Standard & Specialized
What falls under standard PFTs?
• spirometry
• lung volumes and capacities
• DLCO
What falls under specialized PFTs?
• ABGs
• Exercise oximetry
• 6 min walk test
• peak flow
• max inspiratory and expiratory pressures
How to prepare for testing?
- pretest instructions
- meds
- no caffeine
- no smoking
- no large meals
- no perfumes or colognes
What type of medications are used to prepare for testing?
Steroids (should not be withheld)
Bronchodilators (should not be given)
- 4 hrs before testing
-12 hrs for maintenance meds
- 24 hrs for anticholinergic agents
What are the physical measurements?
Predicted values that come from a national database which include 4 demographics.
What are the 4 demographics?
Height (measured w/out shoes)
Age
Gender
Race
Weight is not actually used but should be included bc it can be valuable info
HAGR/w
How to measure bilateral amputation or kyphoscoliosis?
Measure arm span
Physical assessment
• symptoms
• family hx of pulmonary disease
• smoking
• occupation or environmental exposure
• current meds
PFTs are what ______?
Effort dependent
Test must be _____ and ______?
Acceptable and replicable
To get valid results pt must be _______?
Coached
How do we coach a pt?
• Explain procedure
• Encourage best effort
• DEMONSTRATE best test maneuver
Reasons for invalid test?
• pt not understanding directions
• lack of coordination
IF TEST IS NOT REPLICABLE ITS NOT VALID
What to do for invalid results?
- try again
- re-instruct
- re-demonstrate
- ask another therapist
- must have 3 replicable test
- maximum 8 attempts
- make comments on reports
- re-encourage
