CFD3- Craniofacial growth and functional appliances Flashcards
1
Q
Name 3 post-natal craniofacial growth.
A
- Neural growth pattern
- Skeletal growth pattern
- Cephalocaudal gradient
2
Q
Name 3 characteristics of growth.
A
- Individual variability
- Normal Variation (percentiles)
- Pattern v Timing
3
Q
Name the types of growth in craniofacial complex.
A
- Cranial vault
- Cranial base
- Nasomaxillary Complex
- Mandible
4
Q
what are the 3 distinct regions of the skull?
A
- desmocranium
- Chondrocranium
- Viscerocranium
5
Q
what is the role of the 6 fontanelles.
A
- Membrane covered
- Intra-membranous ossification
- Facilitate birth
- Posterior, sphenoid and mastoid fuse early
- Anterior (superior) persists until 1.5 years
6
Q
what occurs after fontanelle fusion?
A
sutural growth
7
Q
what is remodelling in response to?
A
neural growth
8
Q
what are types of pathology?
A
- Increase in intra-cranial pressure
- Hydrocephaly
- Microcephaly
- Craniosynostoses (FGFR-2)
9
Q
Craniosynostoses.
A
- More than 100 syndromes
- Phenotypic delineation
- Overlapping clinical features
- Not confined to the Calvaria
- Facial, oral, cardiac, vertebral and renal
10
Q
what does apert syndrome relate to?
A
coronal fusion- turricephaly
11
Q
what does plagiocephaly relate to?
A
saggital and coronal fusion
12
Q
what ossification forms the cranial base (chondrocranium)?
A
endochondral
13
Q
name the synchondroses.
A
- sphenocciptial
- intersphenoid
- sphenoethmoidal
14
Q
Describe the formation of chondrocranium.
A
- Centers of ossification on either side of synchondrosis
- Endochondral mechanism - cartilage grows rapidly & replaced by bone
- Cartilage interposed between large sections of bone, which form of the ethmoid, sphenoid and basioccipital bones
15
Q
what controls primary growth centre?
A
genetic and epigenetic control
