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Parasitology > Cestodes and Trematodes > Flashcards

Cestodes and Trematodes Flashcards

1
Q

what are the cestode species

A

hymenoleptis nana, taenia saginata, taenia solium, echinococcus, diphyllobothrium latum

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2
Q

what are the trematodes

A

fasciola hepatica, paragonimus westermani, schistosoma mansoni, schistosoma japonica, schistosoma haematobbium

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3
Q

what is the phylum, class, order, family, genus, species of fasciola hepatica

A

platyhelmenthes, trematoda, echinostomata, fasciolidae, fasciola hepatica

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4
Q

what is the common name for fasciola hepatica

A

sheep liver fluke

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5
Q

where is fasciola hepatica prevalent

A

latin america, british isles, southeastern usa, africa, europe, china, south america bolivia

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6
Q

where does the adult fasciola hepatica live

A

bile ducts

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7
Q

what is the definitive host of fasciola hepatica

A

sheep (therefore zoonotic)

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8
Q

what is the disease name of fasciola hepatica

A

sheep liver rot, western liver fluke infection

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9
Q

what is the pathology of larvae of fasciola hepatica

A

feeds on liver tissue and cells of bile duct causing local irritation, ulcers in eye, brain, skin, and lungs

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10
Q

what is the pathology of adult fasciola hepatica

A

cirrhosis, tunnels and abscesses created in the liver, damage to gall bladder, nercrotic cell debris

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11
Q

what are symptoms of having fasciola hepatica

A

michanical irritation, bile duct obstruction, jaundice, anemia, fever, diarrhea, pruitus, urticaria, hepatomegaly, eosinophilia

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12
Q

fasciola hepatica is similar to which other parasite

A

fasciolopsis buski

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13
Q

what is the diagnostic stage of fasciola hepatica

A

the egg (recover eggs in feces)

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14
Q

what drugs to treat fasciola hepatica

A

bithionol or trichlabendazole

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15
Q

what is the phylum, class, order, family, genus, species of fasciolopis buski

A

platyhelmenthes, trematoda, echinostomata, fasciolodae, fasciolopis buski

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16
Q

how many eggs does f.buski produce per day

A

25,000 eggs per day

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17
Q

what kind of digestive system does f. buski have

A

blind gut

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18
Q

what is the common name for f. buski

A

large intestinal fluke

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19
Q

what is the resevoir host for f. buski

A

dog, sheep, rabbit

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20
Q

what is the disgnostic stage for f. buski

A

egg

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21
Q

where does f. buski live in the body

A

attached to columnar epithelium of small intestine

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22
Q

what is the disease name for f. buski

A

fasciolopsiasis

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23
Q

what is a heavy infection for f. buski

A

hundreds

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24
Q

what pathology does f. buski cause

A

bowel mucosal ulcers, hypersecretion and hemorrhage at attachment site, abstruction of vater, blockage of bile duct and small intestine

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25
Q

what drug to treat f. buski

A

praziquantel

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26
Q

what is the phylum, class, order, family, genus, species of p. westermani

A

platyhelmenthes, trematoda, plagiorchiata, trogotrematidae, paragonimus westermani

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27
Q

what are the reservoir hosts of p. westermani

A

fox, civet, tiger, leopard, panther, mongoose, wolf, pig, dog, cat

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28
Q

where does p. westermani live

A

lives as pairs in lung tissue

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29
Q

where do immature p. westermani live in humans

A

brain, skin, liver

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30
Q

whats it called when p. westermani immature lives in the brain

A

cerebral paragonimiasis

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31
Q

whats the size of p. westermani

A

10-12mm x 5-7mm

32
Q

whats the name of the disease p. westermani causes

A

paragonimiasis

33
Q

what pathology does p. westermani cause

A

encyst in lungs rupturing bronchioles which can cause bronchitis and fibrosis and cerebral seizures

34
Q

what is the diagnostic stage of p. westermani

A

egg FROM BLOOD SPUTUM (rusty iron filings)

35
Q

where does s. japonicum live

A

bile ducts

36
Q

where does s. mansoni live

A

bile ducts

37
Q

where does s. haematobium live

A

urinary tract

38
Q

what snail for s. japonicum

A

oncomelania

39
Q

what snail for s. mansoni

A

biomphalaria

40
Q

what snail for s. haematobium

A

bulinus

41
Q

how many global infections for schistosomes

A

200-300 million (most are s. haematobium)

42
Q

what is the diagnostic stage for schistosomes

A

egg

43
Q

what is the disease name for having a schistosome

A

schistomiasis

44
Q

what is the pathology for schistosomes

A

intestinal hepatic fibrosis, fibrosis of bladder

45
Q

what drug can be used to treat schistosomiasis

A

praziquantel

46
Q

what is the number one tapeworm in usa

A

hymenolepis nana (3%)

47
Q

how can one get h. nana into their system

A

from consuming raw or undercooked flesh (mealworms)

48
Q

what is the common name for h. nana

A

dwarf tapeworm

49
Q

how do you diagnose possession of h. nana

A

eggs in stool

50
Q

what does it mean that h. nana has a hexacanth embryo

A

3 pairs of hooklets can be seen in the embryo

51
Q

what is the drug of choice for h. nana

A

praziquantel

52
Q

what size can t. saginata grow to

A

10 meters

53
Q

what is the common name for t. saginata

A

beef tapeworm

54
Q

where is t. saginata endemic to

A

sub-saharan africa, northern mexico, middle europe

55
Q

where does t. saginata live in the body

A

small intestine

56
Q

what does t. saginata have on its scolex

A

4 suckers, no pair hooks

57
Q

what is the diagnostic stage for t. saginata

A

eggs or in tact gravid proglottids

58
Q

why are the uterine branches of t. saginata and t. solium dark

A

filled with eggs

59
Q

is the tail or scolex larger on tapeworms

A

the tail is wider than the scolex

60
Q

where is the highest prevalence of t. solium in usa

A

hispanic populations

61
Q

how many lateral branches does t. saginata versus t. solium have

A

t. saginata has 15-30, t. solium has 7-12

62
Q

what pathology can taenia cause

A

neurocysticercus

63
Q

how can you tell taenia scolices apart from each other

A

saginata has no hooks, solium does

64
Q

what kind of taenia can infect with larval forms

A

t. solium

65
Q

what is the leading cause of epillepsy in children in the united states

A

tapeworm infections (mostly immigrants from latin america)

66
Q

how do tapewoms cause seizures

A

when encysted in the brain they cause imflammation which causes seizures

67
Q

what kind of tapeworm can migrate to the eyes

A

pork tapeworm (t.solium)

68
Q

what drugs can be used to treat tapeworms

A

praziquantel, niclosamide, or treat the symptoms if encysted in the brain

69
Q

what percentage of finnish and baltic are infected with d. latum

A

20% finnish, 100% baltic

70
Q

how large can d. latum be

A

20 meters

71
Q

what is the diagnostic stage of d. latum

A

non-embryonated eggs

72
Q

what is the disease name of having d. latum

A

diphyllobothriasis, fish tapeworm infection, broadfish tapeworm infection

73
Q

what pathology does d. latum cause

A

tissue plercoid if infected copepod ingested, intestinal obstruction, anemia, nervous system disturbances (eats b12)

74
Q

where does d. latum live in the body

A

small intestine eating only b12

75
Q

what is the disease name for having d. latum

A

diphyllobothriasis, fish tapeworm infection

76
Q

what drug to treat for d. latum

A

praziquantel

Parasitology (4 decks)

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