cervicothoracic region, thoracic

Question 1

• Patient’s in a lateral position.
• Elevate the arm that is adjacent to the IR.
• Depress the patient‘s shoulder that is farthest from the IR, and move this shoulder anteriorly.
• CR: Directed to the inter-disk space of C7 and T1 : (1) perpendicular if the shoulder is well depressed or (2) at a caudal angle of 5 degree if the shoulder cannot be well depressed.
• demonstrates the lateral projection of the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae between the two shoulders

Answer 1

LATERAL PROJECTION / TWINING METHOD / SWIMMERS LATERAL PROJECTION
R or L position

Question 2

• lateral recumbent position, with the head elevated on the patient’ arm.
• Center the IR at the level of the inter disk space of C7-T l which is located 2 inches above the jugular notch.
• CR: Directed to the inter-disk of C7 and T1 at an angle of 3 to 5 degree caudad.
• shows a lateral projection of the cervicothpracic vertebrae between the shoulders

Answer 2

LATERAL PROJECTION / PAWLOW METHOD

Question 3

• supine
• place superior edge of the IR 1 ½ to 2 inches above the shoulder on an average patient.
• CR: perpendicular to T7
• shows an AP projection of the thoracic bodies, intervertebral disk spaces, transverse processes, costovertebral articulation , and surrounding structures.

Answer 3

AP PROJECTION

Question 4

• Recumbent or Upright.
• Note: Oppenheimer suggests the use of the upright position.
• Adjust the patient’s arms at right angles to the long axis of the body.
• Center the posterior half of the thorax to the midline of the grid at the level of T7.
• CR: Perpendicular to the center of the IR at the level of T7 (inferior angles of the scapulae).

Answer 4

LATERAL PROJECTION
R or L position

Question 5

• Standing or Recumbent.
• From a lateral position rotate the body 20 degrees anterior (PA oblique) or posterior (AP oblique) so that the Coronal Plane forms an angle of 70 degrees from the plane of the IR.
• CR: Perpendicular to the level of T7.

Answer 5

AP or PA OBLIQUE PROJECTION
RAO and LAO or RPO and LPO

Question 6

demonstrates the zygapophyseal joints farthest from the IR

Answer 6

AP oblique projection

Question 7

recommended by Oppenheimer.

Answer 7

PA oblique projection

Question 8

recommended by Fuchs.

Answer 8

AP oblique projection

Question 9

• if the vertebral column is not elevated, angle the tube to direct the central ray perpendicular to the long axis of the thoracic column and then center it at the level of T7.
• CR: 10 degrees cephalad for female patients; and 15 degree cephalad for male patients
• demonstrates the interspaces, the intervertebral foramina, and the lower spinous processes.

Answer 9

LATERAL RECUMBENT

Question 10

demontrates the zygapophyseal joints closest to the IR.

Answer 10

PA oblique projection

Question 11

cr of pawlow

Answer 11

inter disk of C7 T1, 3-5 caudad

Question 12

what position did Oppenheimer suggest in Lateral Projection

Answer 12

upright

Question 13

cr of twining if cant depress shoulder

Answer 13

inter disk space C7 T1, 5 caudad