Cervical Spine Flashcards
which is the key ligament in maintaining stability of atlanto-axial articulation and restricts flexion and anterior displacement of the atlas
transverse atlantal ligament
which vertebrae cause 80% of cervical flexion and extension
C3-C7
which vertebrae cause 50% of cervical rotation
occiput, C1, and C2
where to palpate the hyoid bone
below mandible, proximal to thyroid, pincer grip, translate laterally and instruct to swallow
where to palpate thyroid cartilage
level of c4 and c5, V-shaped notch, raises and lowers during swallowing
where to palpate cricoid cartilage
level of C6, thickened rink along anterior surface
which spinous process is located b/w angle of mandible and mastoid process
C1
which spinous process is located at the angle of the mandible
C2
which spinous process is located at the hyoid
C3
which spinous process is located at the thyroid cartilage
C4/C5
which spinous process is located at the first cricoid ring
C6
which spinous process is located at the cartilage below the cricoid ring
C7
which transverse process is located finger width below mastoid process
C1
which transverse process is located at the carotid tubercle
C6
most commonly injured vertebrae
C2, C6,C7
c-spine injuries account for how much of all spinal injuries
1/3
most risk for c-spine injuries sports
diving, equestrian, football, gymnastics, skiing, and hang gliding
hyperflexion mechanisms
tackling by face guard, head-butting, MVA
hyperextension mechanisms
striking head against object and MVA
axial loading mechanisms
spearing and diving into shallow water
hyperflexion injuries
cervical cord neuropraxia, wedge fx, flexion teardrop, clay-shovelers, and facet dislocation
hyperextension injuries
cervical cord neuropraxia, handmans, and extension teardrop
axial loading injuries
tetraplegia, occipital condyle fx, atlas/jefferson fx, C2 dens fx, and burst fx
acute transient neurologic episode from hyperextension/flexion with compression
cervical cord neurapraxia
