Cervical Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

PA: Sternal head: manubrium along upper ant surface: Clavicular head: med 1/3 of clavicle along sup surface

DA: mastoid process along lat aspect, lat ½ of sup nuchal line

Innervation: Spinal accessory n. (CN XI), br of C2,3 ventral rami

Action: Unilaterally‐ ipsilateral SB & contralateral rot. of the head & neck; Bilaterally‐ flexes the neck

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2
Q

Anterior Scalene

A

PA: TP’s of C3‐6 at ant tubercles

DA: 1st rib at its scalene tubercle on rib’s inner border & ridge ant to groove for subclavian artery

Innervation: C4‐6 ventral rami

Action: OC‐ elevates the 1st rib; CC‐ Flexes, ipsilateral SB, & contralateral rot of neck

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3
Q

Middle Scalene

A

PA: TPs of C2-7 at posterior tubercles.

DA: 1st rib along superior suface between groove for subclavian artery and scalene tubercle.

Innervation: C3-8 ventral rami
Actions: OC- elevates the 1st rib; CC- ipsilateral SB the neck.

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4
Q

Posterior Scalene

A

PA: TPs of C4-6 at posterior tubercles.

DA: 2nd rib along ext border, post to serratus anterior attachment

Innervation: C5-7 ventral rami

Actions: OC- elevates the 2nd rib CC- ipsilateral sideband the neck

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5
Q

Longus Colli

A

PA: inf oblique: bodies of T1‐2 along ant surface; sup oblique: TP’s of C3‐5 on ant tubercles; vertical portion: C5‐T3 bodies along ant surfaces

DA: inf oblique: TP’s of C5‐6 on ant tubercles; sup oblique: ant tubercle C1 vertical portion: C2‐4 bodies along ant surfaces

Innervation: Ventral rami C2-6

Actions: Flexes the neck as a whole; provides postural support

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6
Q

Longus Capitus

A

PA: TPS of C3-6 at anterior tubercles.

DA: Inferior portion of basilar occipital bone

Innervation: Ventral rami C1-3

Action: Flexes the head

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7
Q

Upper Trapezius

A

PA: med 1/3 superior. nuchal line, ext. occipital protuberance, lig nuchae, SP C7

DA: post border lat 1/3 clavicle

Innervation: Motor: Spinal part of the accessory n. (CN 11) motor innervation; Sensory: Branches from ventral rami (C3,4)

Actions: OC: scapular elevation; CC: Unilaterally: ipsilateral SB, contralateral. Rot head and neck ; Bilaterally: extends neck and head

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8
Q

Levator Scapula

A

PA: TP C1-4 & post tubercles of TP C3,4

DA: Med border scapula between sup angle and root of spine

Inn: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) & branch of (C3,4) spinal Nerves

Actions:
OC‐ elevation and downward rotation of the scapula CC‐ ipsilateral SB & rot. of the neck

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9
Q

Suboccipital Muscles

A

Rectus capitus posterior major
Rectus capitus posterior minor
Obliqus capitus superior
Obliqus capitus inferior

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10
Q

Rectus Capitus Posterior Major

A

PA: SP of C2

DA: lateral portion of inf nuchal line and occipital bone inf to it

Inn: Dorsal ramps of C1 (sub occipital nerve)

Actions: unilaterally: ipsilateral rotation
Bilaterally: extension of head

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11
Q

Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor

A

PA: Post tubercle of C1

DA: medial portion of inf nuchal line and occipital bone down to foramen magnum

Inn: Dorsal rams of C1 (subocciptal nerve)

Action: Extends head

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12
Q

Obliqus Capitus Superior

A

PA: Sup surface of TP of C1

DA: occiput between sup & inf nuchal lines; overlapping rectus capitus post major

Inn: Dorsal rami of C1 (sub occipital nerve)

Action: Ipsilateral SB of head

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13
Q

Obliqus Capitus Inferior

A

PA: SP of C2

DA: TP of C1 at inferoposterior aspect

Inn: Dorsal rami of C1 (subocciptal nerve)

Action: Ipsilateral rotation of head

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14
Q

Anterior Atlantoaxial Membrane

A

(ALL continuation)

- Resists upper cervical backward nodding.

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15
Q

Tectorial Membrane

A

(Continuation of PLL)

  • Resists upper cervixal forward nodding
  • Anterior to the spinal cord
  • Covers transverse, cervical, and alar ligaments
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16
Q

Posterior Atlantoaxial Membrane

A

(Continuation of the Ligamentum Flavum)

- Resist sub cranial forward nodding

17
Q

Alar Ligaments

A
  • Resist distraction of C1/C2 and O-C1
  • Resist contralateral rotarion
    Resist lateral movements
  • Attaches to superolateral aspects of dens to lateral margins of the foramen magnum
18
Q

Splenius Capitus

A

PA: ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of the lowest cervical vertebra and the spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae.

DA: Mastoid process and posterior aspect of the occipital bones

19
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A

Stylohoid
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid

20
Q

Infrahyoid Muscles

A

Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Sternothyroid

20
Q

Splenius cervicis

A

Spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae

Transverse processes of the upper cervical vertebrae