Cervical Muscles Flashcards
Sternocleidomastoid
PA: Sternal head: manubrium along upper ant surface: Clavicular head: med 1/3 of clavicle along sup surface
DA: mastoid process along lat aspect, lat ½ of sup nuchal line
Innervation: Spinal accessory n. (CN XI), br of C2,3 ventral rami
Action: Unilaterally‐ ipsilateral SB & contralateral rot. of the head & neck; Bilaterally‐ flexes the neck
Anterior Scalene
PA: TP’s of C3‐6 at ant tubercles
DA: 1st rib at its scalene tubercle on rib’s inner border & ridge ant to groove for subclavian artery
Innervation: C4‐6 ventral rami
Action: OC‐ elevates the 1st rib; CC‐ Flexes, ipsilateral SB, & contralateral rot of neck
Middle Scalene
PA: TPs of C2-7 at posterior tubercles.
DA: 1st rib along superior suface between groove for subclavian artery and scalene tubercle.
Innervation: C3-8 ventral rami
Actions: OC- elevates the 1st rib; CC- ipsilateral SB the neck.
Posterior Scalene
PA: TPs of C4-6 at posterior tubercles.
DA: 2nd rib along ext border, post to serratus anterior attachment
Innervation: C5-7 ventral rami
Actions: OC- elevates the 2nd rib CC- ipsilateral sideband the neck
Longus Colli
PA: inf oblique: bodies of T1‐2 along ant surface; sup oblique: TP’s of C3‐5 on ant tubercles; vertical portion: C5‐T3 bodies along ant surfaces
DA: inf oblique: TP’s of C5‐6 on ant tubercles; sup oblique: ant tubercle C1 vertical portion: C2‐4 bodies along ant surfaces
Innervation: Ventral rami C2-6
Actions: Flexes the neck as a whole; provides postural support
Longus Capitus
PA: TPS of C3-6 at anterior tubercles.
DA: Inferior portion of basilar occipital bone
Innervation: Ventral rami C1-3
Action: Flexes the head
Upper Trapezius
PA: med 1/3 superior. nuchal line, ext. occipital protuberance, lig nuchae, SP C7
DA: post border lat 1/3 clavicle
Innervation: Motor: Spinal part of the accessory n. (CN 11) motor innervation; Sensory: Branches from ventral rami (C3,4)
Actions: OC: scapular elevation; CC: Unilaterally: ipsilateral SB, contralateral. Rot head and neck ; Bilaterally: extends neck and head
Levator Scapula
PA: TP C1-4 & post tubercles of TP C3,4
DA: Med border scapula between sup angle and root of spine
Inn: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) & branch of (C3,4) spinal Nerves
Actions:
OC‐ elevation and downward rotation of the scapula CC‐ ipsilateral SB & rot. of the neck
Suboccipital Muscles
Rectus capitus posterior major
Rectus capitus posterior minor
Obliqus capitus superior
Obliqus capitus inferior
Rectus Capitus Posterior Major
PA: SP of C2
DA: lateral portion of inf nuchal line and occipital bone inf to it
Inn: Dorsal ramps of C1 (sub occipital nerve)
Actions: unilaterally: ipsilateral rotation
Bilaterally: extension of head
Rectus Capitus Posterior Minor
PA: Post tubercle of C1
DA: medial portion of inf nuchal line and occipital bone down to foramen magnum
Inn: Dorsal rams of C1 (subocciptal nerve)
Action: Extends head
Obliqus Capitus Superior
PA: Sup surface of TP of C1
DA: occiput between sup & inf nuchal lines; overlapping rectus capitus post major
Inn: Dorsal rami of C1 (sub occipital nerve)
Action: Ipsilateral SB of head
Obliqus Capitus Inferior
PA: SP of C2
DA: TP of C1 at inferoposterior aspect
Inn: Dorsal rami of C1 (subocciptal nerve)
Action: Ipsilateral rotation of head
Anterior Atlantoaxial Membrane
(ALL continuation)
- Resists upper cervical backward nodding.
Tectorial Membrane
(Continuation of PLL)
- Resists upper cervixal forward nodding
- Anterior to the spinal cord
- Covers transverse, cervical, and alar ligaments
