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Anatomy Module 3 > Cervical, Brachial and Lumbosacral Plexuses > Flashcards

Cervical, Brachial and Lumbosacral Plexuses Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Divisions of the Nervous System?

A

Central NS & Peripheral NS

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2
Q

Formed by the anterior rami of the first four cervical nerves?

A

Cervical Plexus

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3
Q

The cervical plexus is covered in front by the ______ of __________ and related to the Internal Jugular vein.

A

Prevertebral layer

Deep cervical fascia

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4
Q

Cutaneous branch:

Lateral part of occipital region and medial surface of the auricle?

A

Lesser Occipital(C2)

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5
Q

Cutaneous branch:

Angle of the mandible, parotid gland and auricle?

A

Greater Auricular(C2 and C3)

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6
Q

Cutaneous branch:

Anterior and lateral surfaces of the neck?

A

Transverse cutaneous(C2 and C3)

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7
Q

Cutaneous branch:

Chest wall, shoulder and upper half on deltoid region

A

Supraclavicular(C3 and C4)

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8
Q

Muscular Branch:

Prevertebral; Sternocleidomastoid (Proprioceptive)

A

C2 and C3

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9
Q

Muscular Branch:

Levator scapulae; Trapezius (Proprioceptive)

A

C2 and C4–

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10
Q

Muscular Branch:

Omohyoid, Sternohyoidand Sternothyroid

A

Ansa Cervicalis

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11
Q

Formed by fibers from union of Hypoglossal and C1 nerves(Descending branch) unites with Descending Cervical (C2 and C3)

A

Ansa Cervicalis

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12
Q

Only motor nerve supply to the Diaphragm and Arises from C3, C4 and C5?

A

Phrenic Nerve

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13
Q

T or F:
Can be injured by penetrating wounds in the neck–paralyzed half of the diaphragm relaxes and is pushed up into the thorax–lower lobe on the affected side will collapse.

A

T

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14
Q

BRACHIAL PLEXUS has

_ ROOTS = _ TRUNKS = _ DIVISIONS = _ CORDS

A

5 ROOTS = 3 TRUNKS = 6 DIVISIONS = 3 CORDS

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15
Q

Branches of Roots?

A 
Dorsal Scapular(C5)
Long Thoracic( C5 –C7)
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16
Q

Branches of Upper trunk?

A

Nerve to Subclavius(C5 and C6)

Suprascapular(C5 and C6)

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17
Q

Branches of lateral cord?

A

Lateral Pectoral (C5 –C7)
Musculocutaneous (C5 –C7)
Lateral root of MEDIAN (C5, C6and C7)

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18
Q

Branches of Medial Cord?

A 
Medial Pectoral(C8 –T1)
Medial cutaneous nerve of arm(C8 –T1)
Medial cutaneous nerve of forearm(C8–
T1)
ULNAR(C8 –T1)
Medial root of MEDIAN (C8 andT1)
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19
Q

Syndrom where results from lesion of the C5 and C6ventral rami in the superior trunk of the plexus?

A

Erb –Duchenne’s syndrome

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20
Q

Syndrome where the proximal musculature in the upper limb is mainly affected?

A

Erb –Duchenne’s syndrome

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21
Q

Syndrome where the upper limb is held in a “waiter’s tip” position; arm is adducted, extended and medially rotated; forearm is pronated and the carpal flexors flex the hand at the wrist?

A

Erb –Duchenne’s syndrome

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22
Q

Results from compression of the C8 and T1ventral rami in the inferior trunk of the plexus?

A

Klumpke’s paralysis

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23
Q

Altered sensation in the medial hand, ring and little finger and weakness of the intrinsic muscles of hand–combination of an “ape hand” and a “claw hand”?

A

Klumpke’s paralysis

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24
Q

Most commonly injured as it courses superficial to the Serratus anterioron the lateral wall of the thorax?

A

Long Thoracic nerve lesions

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25
Q

Patients cannot hold the vertebral border of the scapula flat against the back and may have a “winging” of the vertebral border

A

Long Thoracic nerve lesions

26
Q

Injury caused by blowsor surgical injuryin axilla, weight lifting or carrying heavy objecton the shoulder?

A

LONG THORACICnerve injury–

27
Q

May be injured as a result of a dislocation of the head of the humerusor by a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus

A

Axillary nerve lesions

28
Q

Lesion where weakness in flexion of the forearm at the elbowand weakness in supination?

A

Musculocutaneous nerve lesions

29
Q

Weakness in the ability to extend the hand at the wristand a loss of extensionat the MP joints of all digits?

A

Wristdrop

30
Q

May experience pain and paresthesia in skin over the first dorsal interosseous muscle between the thumb and index finger

A

Radial nerve lesions

31
Q

Proximal lesion where supracondylar fracture of the humerus, compression between heads of pronator teres muscle?

A

Median nerve lesions

32
Q

Index and middle fingers remain extended when attempting to flex in making a fist

A

Hand of benediction

33
Q

Experience numbness and pain over the palmar aspects of thumb, index and middle fingers?

A

Median nerve lesions

34
Q

Weakness in opposition of thumb, remains adducted and extended?

A

Ape hand-

35
Q

Proximal lesion where medial epicondyle fracture of the humerus?

A

Ulnar nerve lesions

36
Q

Lesion where weakness in flexion of medial fingers, flexion at wrist?

A

Ulnar nerve lesions

37
Q

Caused by weakness of the medial 2 lumbricals that flex the MP joints and extend the IP joints of the ring and little fingers?

A

Ulnar nerve lesions

38
Q

Formed within the Psoas majormuscle by the ventral rami of L1 –L4?

A

Lumbar Plexus

39
Q

Branches from L1; emerges from the lateral border of Psoas and runs in front of Quadratus lumborum?

A

Iliohypogastric

40
Q

This branch supplies the skin of the lower part of the anterior abdominal wall.

A

Iliohypogastric

41
Q

Branch from L1; emerges from the lateral borderof Psoas and runs in front of Quadratus lumborum?

A

Ilioinguinal

42
Q

Passes through the Inguinal canal to supply the skin of the groin and the scrotum / labia majora?

A

Ilioinguinal

43
Q

Branch from L1 and L2; emerges from the anterior surface of Psoas?

A

Genitofemoral

44
Q

Branch from L2 and L3;emerges from the lateral border of Psoas, crosses the Iliacus and enters the thigh behind the Inguinal ligament

A

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous

45
Q

Supplies the skin over the lateral surface of the thigh

A

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous

46
Q

Largest branch of the

lumbar plexus, from L2,L3,L4; emerges from lateral borderof Psoas?

A

Femoral Nerve

47
Q

Nerve that supplies the muscles on the anterior thigh and skin on the antero-medial aspect

A

Femoral Nerve

48
Q

Nerve where lesions may be damaged in the abdomen by an abscess of the Psoas major

A

Femoral Nerve

49
Q

From L2,L3,L4
Emerges from the medial border of Psoas
Supplies the medial thigh muscles and
skin on the medial aspect of thigh

A

Obturator nerve

50
Q
  • Most commonly lesioned in the Pelvis
  • Patients are unable to adduct the thighat the hip
  • Paresthesia in the skin of the medial thigh
A

Obturator nerve lesions

51
Q

Lies on the posterior pelvic wall in front of the Piriformis muscle.
Formed by the anterior rami of L4 and L5 and S1 –S4.

A

Sacral Plexus

52
Q

Largest nerve in the body. From L4 –S3. Emerges from the greater sciatic foramen

A

Sciatic Nerve

53
Q

Susceptible to damage from an IM injection in the lower medial quadrant of the gluteus maximus muscleor it may be compressed as a result of a posterior dislocation of the femur

A

Sciatic nerve lesions

54
Q

L5 and S1 roots are commonly compressed–pain that radiates into the L5 and S1 dermatomes of the leg and foot

A

Sciatic nerve lesions

55
Q 
Results to weakened abductionof the thigh by gluteus medius:
-Gluteus medius limp
-Gluteal gait
-(+) Trendelenburg
sign
A

Superior Gluteal nerve injury

56
Q

Nerve Lesions where weakness in the ability to laterally rotate and extend the thigh at hip joint.

A

Inferior Gluteal nerve lesions

57
Q

Difficulty extending the thigh at the hip from a flexed position, as in climbing stairs or rising from a chair.

A

Inferior Gluteal nerve lesions

58
Q

Nerve which leaves the main pelvic cavity through greater sciatic foramen and enters perineum through the lesser sciatic foramen

A

Pudendal nerve

59
Q

The Inferior rectal branch of the Pudendal nerve consists of?

A

Perianal skin ext. anal sphincter, mucous membrane –lower anal canal

60
Q

The Dorsal nerve of Penis / Clitoris perineal branch of the Pudendal nerve consists of?

A

Perineal muscles / skin

Anatomy Module 3 (4 decks)

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