Cervical Anatomy and Kinesiology Flashcards
which area of the spine has most sagittal plane movement?
cervical spine
cervical lordosis
30-35 degrees
thoracic kyphosis
40 degrees
lumbar lordosis
45 degrees
what area of the spine has the most horizontal plane movement?
cervical spine
closed pack position of the cervical spine
full extension
resting position of the cervical spine
midway between flexion and extension
what happens to the capsular pattern as we age?
side-bending and rotation grow equally limited
-then extension
-then flexion is the least limited
noncapsular pattern example
being able to turn your head to the left but not as much on the right
what area of the spine has the most frontal plane movement?
cervical spine
in extension, how do the spinal segments change?
cervical- increase in lordosis
thoracic- decrease in kyphosis
lumbar- increase in lordosis
in flexion, how do the spinal segments change?
cervical- decrease or loss of lordosis
thoracic- increase of kyphosis
lumbar- decrease of loss of lordosis
what degree are the facets of the cervical spine oriented
45 degrees
what type of motion is there the most pain in the cervical spine
3D motions, stresses the joint the most
U joints exist where
between C2-3 to C6-7
what motion do U joints help most with
helps guide sagittal plane motion
what are the kinematics of the U joints
convex on concave
roll and slide in opposite directions
what motion do the U joints resist
frontal plane motion (most pain here)
PLL definition
many layers with different orientation to control movement
ALL definition
limits ext and reinforce disc, can be damaged in whiplash
ligamentum flavum
preserves the normal curvature of the spine and to straighten the column after it has been flexed
nuchal ligament
lots of muscle attachments so STM can help improve ROM
which vertebrae have ipsilateral coupling
C2-T4
disc to vertebral body size ratio
1:4
